The Salish Sea, stretching between British Columbia and Washington State, has become the focus of increasing wildlife sightings, particularly for the iconic Bigg's killer whale. This year, the Pacific Whale Watch Association (PWWA) reported unprecedented numbers of these whales, igniting interest among locals and tourists alike.
Erin Gless, executive director of the PWWA, indicated this year's sightings would “absolutely smash” previous records. The trend of rising Bigg's killer whale sightings started around 2016, surpassing sightings of the southern resident killer whales.
Interestingly, the COVID-19 pandemic created some anomalies, as whale-watching tours were significantly reduced, impacting sighting data. Despite this setback, researchers from the Orca Behavior Institute noted 214 unique sightings of Bigg's killer whales just in July, representing a 70% increase compared to July 2023.
But why are more of these whales appearing now? The answer lies largely with their diet, as Bigg's killer whales primarily prey on marine mammals such as seals.
According to Lance Barrett-Lennard from the Raincoast Conservation Foundation, recent sightings have been influenced by the availability of prey. His observations suggest the whale distribution is shifting due to plentiful harbour seals, causing fewer whales to populate other areas, like the Central Coast.
This increase is also reflective of the Bigg's killer whale population growth. From the 50 individuals spotted when they were first surveyed back in the 1970s, the population has now risen to about 380 individuals.
Contrastingly, the endangered southern resident killer whales, which primarily feed on fish, have experienced dwindling numbers, with less than 75 remaining today. Barrett-Lennard emphasized this difference, stating the southern resident killer whales appear more emaciated compared to their Bigg’s counterparts, which are described as “rotund” and healthy.
The diet differences highlight ecological competition within the Salish Sea. The abundance of Bigg's whales could mean challenges for other local species, especially if their food sources become overstressed.
But not everything from the Salish Sea is thriving—concerns remain about how changing populations of orca will impact local ecosystems. Researchers note the current boom may not last indefinitely, as it raises questions about sustainability and future food supply.
This delicate balance of marine life is increasingly important for conservation efforts. Organizations like the PWWA continue to advocate for responsible whale watching and habitat protection to support orca populations and their ecosystems.
Despite the challenges, the observed increase of Bigg's killer whales offers hope. With their populations on the rise, it’s providing insights and opportunities for researchers and conservationists to better understand these magnificent creatures.
The Salish Sea is now witnessing changes both fascinating and concerning as wildlife sightings fluctuate and researchers pay close attention to trends. It’s evident the region plays host to both beautiful displays of nature and the enduring challenge of environmental stewardship.
