A powerful earthquake of magnitude 7.7 struck central Burma on March 28, 2025, causing widespread panic and destruction. The quake, which occurred at 14:20 local time (06:20 GMT), was centered 16 kilometers northwest of Sagaing, according to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Tremors were felt as far away as Thailand and China, leading to significant damage in both countries.
In Bangkok, a 30-story building under construction collapsed due to the seismic activity, trapping at least 43 workers inside. Vice Prime Minister Phumtham Wechayachai confirmed that three people had died in the collapse, while rescue efforts continue to locate 81 individuals still unaccounted for beneath the rubble. The building, identified as the Office of the Auditor General (OAG), was part of a major construction project that reportedly had around 320 workers on site at the time of the disaster.
Images from the scene depict emergency responders working frantically to rescue those trapped in the debris. Eyewitnesses described scenes of chaos as the tremors caused panic in the city, with people rushing out of offices and shops. "I heard the noise while I was sleeping at home, I ran as far as possible in my pajamas," recounted Duangjai, a resident of Chiang Mai, who experienced the quake's effects.
In response to the disaster, Thai Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra declared Bangkok in a state of emergency and convened an urgent meeting to address the situation. She instructed hospitals to prepare for incoming casualties and mobilized security forces to assist in the rescue efforts.
Meanwhile, in Burma, the military junta declared a state of emergency in six regions, including Sagaing, Mandalay, Magway, northeastern Shan State, Naypyidaw, and Bago. Junta leader Min Aung Hlaing visited a hospital in Naypyidaw, where many victims were being treated. A spokesperson for the junta stated, "We want the international community to provide humanitarian aid as quickly as possible," highlighting the urgent need for assistance.
The Indian government has also offered support, with Prime Minister Narendra Modi expressing readiness to provide all possible assistance to both Burma and Thailand. Modi stated on X, "I have asked our authorities to be available," while praying for the safety and health of all affected individuals.
As the rescue operations unfold, the extent of the damage remains unclear. In Naypyidaw, reports indicate that roads were heavily cracked and debris fell from buildings, complicating the emergency response. The USGS has warned that the disaster could result in a high mortality rate, with estimates suggesting that the number of deaths could reach into the thousands.
This earthquake is part of a region historically prone to seismic activity. Between 1930 and 1956, six earthquakes of magnitude 7 or greater occurred near the Sagaing Fault, which runs through central Burma. In recent years, significant earthquakes have also struck the area, including a 6.8 magnitude quake in 2016 that caused fatalities and damage to historical sites.
Experts have pointed out that the vulnerability of the population is exacerbated by weak infrastructure and insufficient healthcare services, particularly in rural areas. The chaotic urban development in many regions has left communities ill-prepared for natural disasters.
As the situation develops, officials are urging residents to remain cautious and prepared for potential aftershocks, which could further complicate rescue efforts. A 6.4 magnitude aftershock was recorded just minutes after the initial quake, raising concerns about additional structural collapses.
In summary, the earthquake that struck central Burma on March 28, 2025, has resulted in significant loss of life and widespread devastation. The international community is now mobilizing to provide aid and support to the affected regions as rescue operations continue.
