Women incarcerated in Iran face significant challenges related to their sexual and reproductive health, as revealed by recent research conducted at Tehran's Qarchak Penitentiary. A study involving 630 female prisoners aged 15 to 49 utilized the Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs of Incared Women (SRH-NIW) scale, finding the average need for services to be critically high.
The overall mean score of 92.99 on the SRH-NIW scale indicates a substantial demand for sexual and reproductive health services, particularly concerning pregnancy and childbirth services, which scored the highest at 94.86. Personal and medical care services closely followed with 94.55.
The study's findings illuminate the urgent reproductive health needs among Iranian incarcerated women, shedding light on their calls for various services, including sanitary facilities, reduced restrictions during pregnancy, and equal access to healthcare support. These results reflect the broader global trend of rising female incarceration rates, which have surged by 60% since 2000.
Despite comprising only 7% of the global incarcerated population, conditions for women remain grim. They require comprehensive healthcare provisions to manage unique challenges like menstrual health, family planning, and proper maternal care during and after childbirth.
Historically, studies on incarcerated women's reproductive health needs have primarily focused on contraception and pregnancy care. This recent research stands out by addressing broader aspects, such as mental health support, sanitary conditions, and screening for diseases.
Key findings showed the pressing need for timely medical services and adequate nutrition for newborns. The availability of comprehensive reproductive services would significantly impact their health outcomes, reducing risks associated with inadequate prenatal care and higher rates of pregnancy complications seen among incarcerated women.
Participants reported the highest demand for facilities like clean toilets, free from restrictions during labor, and timely medical services, indicative of their dire circumstances. They also expressed the necessity for equal and proper insurance support for received healthcare.
Results indicate the need for modifications to improve healthcare services within Iranian prisons, aiming to align with human rights principles and public health goals. The study’s authors argue this would not only promote the reproductive health of incarcerated women but also advance overall health accessibility.
The research highlights the importance of ensuring comprehensive healthcare services are implemented across correctional facilities. Health advocates stress the need to address discrimination and stigma faced by these women, aligning healthcare provision with their unique needs and experiences.