Biosynthesis of chitosan-selenium nanocomposite shows promising insecticidal activity against the cotton leafworm.
Recent research highlights the promising potential of biosynthesized chitosan-selenium nanoparticles (Ch-SeNPs) as effective eco-friendly insecticides against the notorious cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis. Conducted by experts at the Plant Protection Research Institute in Egypt, this study showcases how utilizing naturally occurring elements like selenium can streamline pest management practices.
Spodoptera littoralis, known for inflicting significant damage on cotton crops, has become increasingly resistant to conventional insecticides. This resistance has necessitated urgent research for more sustainable pest control alternatives. Enter Ch-SeNPs: nanoparticles synthesized through the use of fungal cell-free filtrate from Penicillium griseofulvum, which have been shown to kill larvae at higher rates than standard methods.
The researchers embarked on this green synthesis approach due to the extensive biological activity of nanoparticles, carefully characterizing the resulting nanocomposite through methods such as UV–visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. The biocompatibility of chitosan made it an ideal polymer for combining with selenium, enhancing the nanoparticles’ stability and performance.
Key findings from the study indicate significant mortality rates among weevil larvae exposed to Ch-SeNPs, surpassing those observed with traditional insecticide applications. Specifically, the study revealed high mortality rates and low lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) for both larval and pupal stages after treatment.
Importantly, the study also aimed to assess the safety of these nanoparticles for beneficial insects such as honeybees. Results indicated less than 1% mortality among honeybees, underscoring the potential for using this biocontrol approach without adversely affecting non-target species.
“The current study reveals the significant ultrastructure impact of SeNPs on larvae,” said the authors of the article. With such findings, they argue the potential for using these nanoparticles safely within integrated pest management systems.
Despite promising results, the research community is advised to conduct additional studies to explore the long-term effects and practical applications of Ch-SeNPs on various crops. The goal remains to develop pest control technologies which align with sustainable agriculture practices for the future.