Chancellor Friedrich Merz has embarked on a significant diplomatic journey, marking his first foreign visits to Paris and Warsaw since taking office. The newly elected leader's agenda is primarily focused on enhancing European security, addressing migration policies, and fostering stronger ties with Germany's neighboring allies.
During a joint press conference in Warsaw with Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk, Merz emphasized that Germany's tougher migration policies would be implemented in a manner that would not create issues for neighboring countries. He stated, "We will ensure that our migration measures will be carried out in a way that will not cause problems for our neighbors." This statement comes amid concerns from Tusk regarding unilateral actions that could leave migrants stranded in Poland.
In light of Germany's recent decision to turn away some asylum-seekers at its borders, Tusk cautioned against national border controls and deportations, asserting that the migration crisis should be addressed collectively at the EU's external borders. He remarked, "There can be no impression that anyone, including Germany, would like to send any groups of migrants to Poland. Poland will not accept this." Tusk's call for collaboration on migration aligns with Merz's vision of a united European approach to irregular migration, highlighting the necessity of a joint effort to deter traffickers and close off dangerous routes into Europe.
Merz's commitment to a collaborative European response extends to defense spending as well. In a press conference following his discussions with Tusk, Merz expressed support for relaxing the EU's strict fiscal rules to allow member states to ramp up their defense budgets significantly. He noted that Germany's recent exemption of military spending from its national debt brake could serve as a model for broader EU fiscal policies. Merz stated, "We could imagine something similar for the European fiscal pact or fiscal rules," underscoring the need for Europe to bolster its defense capabilities amid ongoing geopolitical tensions.
In a show of unity, Merz also announced plans for a Franco-German Defense and Security Council alongside French President Emmanuel Macron. This initiative aims to enhance operational responses to shared strategic challenges, with both leaders recognizing the importance of increasing defense spending across the EU. Merz remarked, "Only in this way can we gradually close our capability gaps and collectively support Ukraine." The urgency of this collaboration is underscored by the ongoing conflict in Ukraine, which Merz identified as a critical issue requiring the involvement of the United States. He stated, "We cannot end this war in Ukraine without a continued involvement of the United States of America, this is not something that Europeans can substitute for."
As part of his efforts to strengthen Germany's role in European security, Merz is also set to visit Ukraine in the coming weeks. His commitment to supporting Ukraine was evident during his discussions with Macron, where he emphasized the need for a lasting ceasefire and the importance of US engagement in achieving this goal.
The new German government's approach to migration and defense has garnered attention from European foreign ministers, who have expressed high expectations for Merz's leadership. British Foreign Secretary David Lammy and Finnish Foreign Minister Elina Valtonen both conveyed optimism regarding the new German administration, with Valtonen highlighting the government's capability to act effectively on pressing issues.
However, Merz's migration policies have sparked concerns about potential strain on EU cohesion. The announcement of expanded pushbacks of asylum seekers at Germany's borders has raised alarms, as it could lead to tensions with neighboring countries. Tusk reiterated the importance of maintaining open internal borders while focusing on securing the EU's external frontiers, stating, "It is in the interest of both Poland and Germany to maintain the EU's free-movement Schengen Zone."
Looking ahead, France and Poland are expected to sign a new friendship pact on May 9, 2025, which will include security cooperation, further solidifying the partnership between the two nations. This pact is seen as a crucial step in deepening European coordination amid geopolitical uncertainties, especially in light of Russia's actions in Ukraine.
In addition to his diplomatic engagements, Merz's administration is also focused on domestic policies, particularly the energy transition. The coalition agreement emphasizes the modernization of Germany's infrastructure, with a commitment to domestic climate targets by 2045. This includes plans to expand renewable energy projects and enhance grid stability through the introduction of Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) power plants.
As Merz navigates his new role, the challenges he faces are multifaceted, ranging from migration and defense to energy policy. His ability to forge strong alliances with European partners while addressing these pressing issues will be critical in shaping Germany's future within the EU. The coming weeks will be pivotal as Merz seeks to establish his legacy and respond to the expectations of both domestic and international stakeholders.
