Each year on February 2, the ancient celebration of Candelora takes place across Italy, holding deep religious and cultural significance. Observed primarily as the Feast of the Presentation of Jesus at the Temple, Candelora, also known for the blessing of candles, symbolizes the light of Christ illuminating the world.
This year's event sees hundreds of faithful congregate at the Santuario di Montevergine, where the black Madonna, known as 'Mamma Schiavona,' is honored. According to the beacon of faith guiding the ceremonies, Abate Riccardo Luca Guariglia, “La Candelora è un momento ecclesiale importante. È la Festa dell’incontro: Gesù, il Figlio di Dio, viene nel suo tempio. Ma Cristo viene per entrare in ognuno di noi, nella nostra persona, vero tempio.” This highlights the church's intention to bring Christ's light not only to the temple but also to each individual believer.
With three masses scheduled throughout the day, at 9 AM, 11 AM, and 5 PM, the 11 AM mass officiated by Abate Guariglia is expected to draw large crowds, culminating with gatherings for local journalists. These masses provide not just religious observance but also community bonding as worshippers share the experience of faith together.
The rituals of Candelora carry rich traditions, uniting faith with cultural celebrations, as folk music, dance, and food accompany the solemn observance. The atmosphere on this day is festive yet reflective, as locals and visitors alike partake in prayer and celebration.
Broader traditions can also be observed, particularly evident at Viganella, where residents have celebrated Candelora for centuries. Here, the festivities mark not only the religious aspect but also the return of bright days following the shaded winter months. The townsfolk gather eagerly awaiting the first rays of sunlight, expected between 2:30 PM and 2:40 PM, to bring good fortune as they ring the church bells to announce the sun's return.
Pier Franco Midali, former mayor and custodian of local customs, elaborates on the historical significance of the rituals: “Da sempre viene celebrata con la ritualità dell’albero, rappresentato sia dai 'cavegn', che sono la stilizzazione arborea dell’albero di luce...” This captures the essence of tradition as churchgoers bring branches of abies to the altar, symbolic of health and prosperity for the coming year.
Alongside these celebrations, Candelora is steeped in folklore, with traditional proverbs reflecting the day’s significance. One such saying, “Per la santa Candelora se nevica o se plora dell’inverno siamo fora; ma se l’è sole o solicello siamo sempre a mezzo inverno,” serves to connect the day's events with the changing of the seasons, indicating what weather might be expected leading up to spring.
It is also important to highlight the historical roots of this celebration, which extend deeply to ancient customs. The day signifies not just the presentation of Jesus but also echoes earlier traditions transcending cultures—a shared human experience. The significance of light, purification, and renewal resonates beyond religious borders, with many cultures historically celebrating similar themes.
The Catholic Church emphasizes the link to biblical narratives, namely the encounter of Mary, Joseph, and Simeon at the Temple. Eagerly awaited, this moment signifies acceptance and acknowledgment of the salvation brought forth through Christ. The biblical proclamation of Simeon, “I miei occhi han visto la tua salvezza, preparata da te davanti a tutti i popoli, luce per illuminare le genti,” ensures the linkage between this celebration and Christ's unwavering promise of guidance.
Today signifies not just religious observance but embodies the intertwining of community, faith, and culture, keeping the vibrant spirit of Candelora alive. The art of storytelling, crafts, and traditions continue to engage the next generation, creating cherished memories and enlightening discussions about faith and heritage.
Candelora, with its unique blend of religious and secular practices, transcends mere ceremonial appearances—it is alive with history, emotion, and community spirit. Each candle lit and each prayer spoken adds to the rich narrative of Italy's cultural life, encouraging all to embrace the warmth of the light during the cold of winter.