On April 24, 2025, the National Heritage Administration confirmed the designation of the 'Buyeo Murangsa Mireukbul Gwaenghwa Buddhist Painting' as a National Treasure. This significant recognition comes approximately 30 years after seven Gwaenghwa Buddhist paintings were designated as National Treasures in 1997, marking a pivotal moment for cultural heritage in South Korea.
The 'Buyeo Murangsa Mireukbul Gwaenghwa Buddhist Painting' is a large-scale work measuring about 14 meters in length. It features a Bodhisattva-type image adorned with a splendid crown and intricately decorated body, showcasing the artistic prowess of its creators. This painting, completed in 1627 during the reign of King Injo of the Joseon Dynasty, is notable for its balance, proportion, and the harmonious use of vibrant colors.
Experts have praised the painting for effectively embodying the grandeur and sublimity characteristic of religious art. Its design not only reflects the artistic styles of the time but also serves as a historical marker of the Mireukdaebul faith, which was prevalent in the Chungcheong region. The painting's creation involved renowned artists including Beopgyeong, Hyeyun, Inhak, and Huisaeng, as confirmed by inscriptions on the artwork.
Buyeo County now boasts a total of six National Treasures, reinforcing its status as a historical and cultural hub in South Korea. Murangsa Temple, home to the newly designated treasure, also holds a total of 18 national and provincial designated cultural assets, including one National Treasure and seven Treasures. This designation not only highlights the temple's historical significance but also its role in preserving the rich Buddhist culture of the Joseon era.
A representative from Buyeo County expressed pride in this new designation, stating, "This designation of the Mireukbul Gwaenghwa Buddhist Painting as a National Treasure reaffirms Buyeo's reputation as a historical and cultural city of Korea." The official also emphasized the commitment to preserving and promoting the temple's valuable cultural heritage in collaboration with the National Heritage Administration and local communities.
The significance of this designation extends beyond just the painting itself. It represents a broader recognition of the artistic and spiritual heritage of the region, which has influenced the production of similar works throughout the country. The National Heritage Administration noted that this painting marks the beginning of the Gwaenghwa tradition, which has played a crucial role in the development and dissemination of large Buddhist paintings in Korea.
The recent designation is also seen as a victory for local lawmakers. Park Soo-hyun, a member of the National Assembly's Culture, Sports, and Tourism Committee, welcomed the designation, stating, "The designation of the Gwaenghwa Buddhist Painting is a significant achievement following the designation of the Gongju Magoksa Five-Story Stone Pagoda as a National Treasure. As a representative of the area, I find this very meaningful."
As the first National Treasure designation in nearly three decades, the 'Buyeo Murangsa Mireukbul Gwaenghwa Buddhist Painting' serves as a reminder of the importance of preserving cultural heritage. The painting not only represents the artistic talents of its creators but also the spiritual beliefs and practices of the time, connecting contemporary viewers with the past.
In addition to the National Treasure designation, the National Heritage Administration also announced the designation of three items from the Goryeo and Joseon dynasties as Treasures on the same day. This highlights an ongoing effort to recognize and preserve significant cultural artifacts that contribute to the understanding of Korea's rich history.
The 'Daebanggwangbulhwaeomgyeongso Volume 118,' which was also designated as a Treasure, is another example of the efforts to safeguard Korea's literary heritage. This text, attributed to the Tang Dynasty monk Jinguan, has historical significance and reflects the scholarly exchanges between Korea and China during the period.
This recent wave of designations underscores the National Heritage Administration's commitment to recognizing and preserving Korea's cultural assets. As the country continues to celebrate its rich history and traditions, the recognition of works like the 'Buyeo Murangsa Mireukbul Gwaenghwa Buddhist Painting' plays a vital role in fostering national pride and cultural identity.
As Buyeo County and Murangsa Temple prepare to showcase their newly recognized treasure, the local community is eager to engage in efforts to promote and protect their cultural heritage. The collaboration between local authorities, heritage organizations, and residents will be essential in ensuring that the legacy of the Mireukbul Gwaenghwa Buddhist Painting and other cultural assets are preserved for future generations.
The designation of the 'Buyeo Murangsa Mireukbul Gwaenghwa Buddhist Painting' as a National Treasure is not just a celebration of a single artwork; it is a recognition of the enduring legacy of Korean Buddhist culture and the artistic achievements that continue to inspire and resonate today.
