On March 10, 2025, communities across Eastern Slavic regions observe Taras Bessonny Day, steeped in rich folk traditions and historical significance. This day honors Saint Tarasius, the Patriarch of Constantinople, who lived during the 8th to 9th centuries and was renowned for his charitable works, including establishing hospitals and caring for the needy.
Folk legends attribute many practices and beliefs to this day. One common belief warns against sleeping during daylight hours, as it is thought to invite the Kumoha, described as the fever demon, which may bring illness. “Tarasius forbids sleeping during the day from this time onward, otherwise Kumoha will attack – this is how they referred to the fever,” notes Anna Nekrylova, historian and folklorist, from her book "Round Year: Russian Agricultural Calendar." This, along with several prohibitions, forms the backbone of observances associated with the day.
On this historic day, traditions dictate not to engage in several activities. People are urged to refrain from sleeping until sunset, which is when the sun goes down, as doing otherwise risks inviting misfortune. Throwing away old items is also prohibited, as it is believed to lead to the loss of happiness within the home. Proposals for marriage or engagements are likewise advised against, as they are typically seen as bad luck.
Instead, the focus shifts to positive actions, with recommendations to help the poor and provide support for those who are grieving. It's also seen as favorable to take care of oneself, for example, scheduling health check-ups, and to share tea with neighbors, fostering community ties.
Along with these practices, numerous folk omens accompany this day. Historically, specific natural signs have been interpreted to forecast upcoming weather patterns. For example, the soft cooing of pigeons is said to predict improved weather, whereas persistent rain indicates potential cold spells leading up to Easter. If crows are seen making noise, it is believed the summer could bring unsettled weather, whereas if they are seen bathing, warmth is on the horizon.
On Taras Bessonny Day, some weather-related observations carry significant weight. A woodpecker's persistent knocking signals a delayed spring, and seeing snow is often interpreted as foreshadowing cold conditions leading up to the Easter week. Crows seen bathing are particularly auspicious, with many claiming it heralds warmer temperatures—the kind of fresh adventuring weather folks yearn for after the chill of winter.
Traditionally, cautious actions extend to avoiding inviting strangers inside one’s home, as it’s believed doing so might allow malevolent forces to enter. Similar folklore advises against personal grooming on this day, with some believing cutting hair could shorten one’s lifespan.
Fearful of the negative outcomes associated with not adhering to these beliefs, many faithful participate earnestly, holding onto the hope of receiving blessings throughout the year. If one is stricken by ill fate, it’s thought to be linked directly to neglecting the customs prescribed on this day.
Reflecting on March 10, the cultural significance of Taras Bessonny Day resonates through generations, preserving various practices and beliefs anchored deeply within folklore. Whether through helping others, taking due care of oneself, or adhering to both positive actions and prohibitions, the enduring essence of this day remains strong.