On February 28, 2025, the Department of Disease Control (DDC) within Thailand's Ministry of Public Health emphasized the urgency of overcoming stigma and discrimination associated with tuberculosis (TB). This chronic, communicable disease continues to be significant public health challenge, even though it is entirely treatable when the correct and continuous treatment regimen is followed. Director Dr. Phanumas Yanvetsakul reiterated the importance of collective action across sectors to help combat this growing issue.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Thailand has made strides by reducing the number of new TB cases annually. Nonetheless, the country's incidence rate is still alarmingly high, at 157 cases per 100,000 people. Dr. Phanumas outlined major obstacles to tackling TB effectively, most prominently the stigma attached to the disease which deters individuals from seeking diagnosis and treatment. Fear of social discrimination often prevents potential patients from accessing healthcare services, possibly leading to severe consequences.
Dr. Niti Hethanurak, Deputy Director of the DDC, highlighted the necessity of education and awareness programs targeting both healthcare professionals and the broader community. He stated, "Enhancing the public's awareness and comprehension of TB is pivotal. From medical staff to the general populace, everyone must understand the causes of TB, screening processes, diagnostics, treatment protocols, and preventive measures. This includes correct practices to prevent the transmission of TB, especially from those living with confirmed cases of the disease. Screening through chest X-rays and regular follow-ups for close contacts should be standard measures, not forms of discrimination."
The DDC is actively encouraging citizens to participate in anti-stigma efforts against TB and work together to promote accurate information about the disease. By embracing open dialogue and supporting patients to seek timely and continuous care, the public can play a significant role. These efforts aim to align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the WHO's End TB Strategy, targeting eradication of the disease by 2030.
Dr. Niti affirmed, "By educating ourselves and fostering empathy, we can reduce the stigma associated with TB, resulting in improved access to healthcare systems for those afflicted." The campaign highlights the treatable nature of TB and stresses the importance of community support for affected individuals.
Meanwhile, the DDC has also launched various initiatives aimed at the Muslim community, contributing to public health during the Hajj pilgrimage to Saudi Arabia. They provided health checks and issued certificates assuring vaccinations against infectious diseases for traveling Thai Muslims, ensuring their well-being during this significant religious event.
Public health isn't limited to infectious diseases. The DDC also focuses on mental health improvement within work environments. By developing the skills of employees to act as peer counselors, organizations can nurture supportive environments. A recent program initiated by the DDC aims to train personnel across various sectors to provide emotional and psychological support, enhancing overall health standards.
These initiatives not only promote physical health through TB awareness and health services but also strengthen social fabric by addressing mental well-being. Mental health is increasingly recognized as integral to public health, with initiatives addressing the root causes of stress and workplace anxiety fostering resilience among employees.
These combined efforts reflect the Department of Disease Control's commitment to comprehensive public health, aiming for the Thailand Free of Tuberculosis. By bridging physical health and mental health initiatives, and engaging the community, Thailand strives to improve health outcomes significantly.
Public health officials urge all citizens to join the collective fight against stigma and to support their fellow citizens who live with TB. By enhancing social acceptance and providing compassionate healthcare, the aim is not only to facilitate treatment access but also to work toward the ultimate goal of eradicative strategies for tuberculosis by 2030.