In a surprising reflection of contemporary European sentiment, a recent Eurobarometer survey indicates that Spaniards are the least concerned citizens in the EU when it comes to security and defense, with only 20% citing these issues as top priorities. This figure starkly contrasts with the EU average of 36%, highlighting a significant divergence between Spanish perspectives and those of their European counterparts.
The survey, conducted between January and February 2025, emerges at a critical time in European politics, coinciding with the rise of concerns over security, particularly in the wake of geopolitical tensions and the recent transitions in U.S. policy under President Donald Trump. Spaniards, however, seem more focused on other pressing issues, primarily education and research, which 40% of respondents identified as priorities. In comparison, only 23% of the broader EU population places similar importance on these topics, showcasing a unique Spanish outlook on the future of EU policy direction.
Additionally, the survey reveals that a significant 66% of Europeans favor an enhanced role for the EU in protecting citizens against global crises and security threats, with that percentage shooting up to 72% among Spanish respondents. This figure underscores a growing belief in the necessity of collective European action amid rising global instability.
At the European leaders' summit on March 20, 2025, Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez emphasized the need for a rebranding of the EU's defense initiatives, particularly calling for a shift in the terminologies used surrounding the €800 billion "ReArm Europe" plan. Sánchez expressed his discontent with the term 'rearm,' stating, "I absolutely do not like the term rearm. I believe we must speak differently, address our citizens in another way when we talk about the need to improve security and defense capabilities.” His comments resonate with a broader hesitance among several EU nations towards a militarized approach to security.
Interestingly, this sentiment aligns with that of Italy, where only 31% of citizens express concerns about security and defense, echoing the sentiments of Spain. As discussions unfold in Brussels, there appears to be a collective move away from militant language in favor of concepts like "preparedness," aiming to soothe anxieties around such classifications that may provoke apprehensions in certain nations.
The survey also noted a shared understanding among Europeans regarding important sectors for EU focus, listing competitiveness, economy, and industry as a priority for 32% of respondents, while energy independence and infrastructure rank at 27%. Food security and agriculture follow closely behind at 25%, as education and research blend into a fifth place calling for prioritization.
The survey's results reflect a unifying perspective among both Spaniards and Europeans about the necessity for unity in confronting global challenges, with 89% of Europeans advocating for increased solidarity among member states. Even amidst growing populism and right-wing influences in the EU, 72% of citizens feel that the EU positively impacts their day-to-day lives, while 74% believe their countries benefit from being part of the union—a record high since the Eurobarometer was first conducted in 1983.
Younger demographics lead the charge, with a remarkable 82% of individuals aged 15 to 24 expressing that membership in the EU is beneficial. Their sentiments are vital, suggesting that future policy directions may hinge on maintaining these young peoples' faith in the organization and its endeavors.
Despite the contrasting views on defense priorities, there is a general consensus on the pressing need for dialogue and legislative focus on reducing inflation and addressing the cost of living crisis—a priority for the citizens across the continent. However, when it comes to defense, only 31% of Europeans indicated a need for greater parliamentary action in this area, in stark contrast to the mere 14% of Spaniards who feel the same way.
In regards to the EU’s legislative focus, Spaniards highlight public health as an area requiring urgent attention—with 40% citing this need compared to 25% among the EU population overall. The report paints a picture of a populace keenly aware of health concerns, perhaps fueled by the ongoing pandemic recovery efforts.
Looking ahead, Sánchez’s advocacy for shifting the EU's defense narrative aligns with the majority view of Spaniards, who largely favor prioritizing education and social welfare. The survey results indicate that although security and defense remain pivotal for many European nations, Spain’s unique focus offers a pertinent case for reconsidering EU priorities as a whole.
Ultimately, the Eurobarometer illustrates an evolving dialogue within the EU, bringing to light the divergent yet equally valid concerns among member states. There is a developing realization that cooperation—both in how the EU presents itself and in addressing its citizens' immediate needs—will be crucial for navigating future challenges entrusted to the European Union.
