The tradition of Setsubun, celebrated on February 2 this year, is set to bring flurries of joy and cultural reflection across Japan as families prepare to chase away demons and welcome the spring.
Traditionally held on February 3, the date for Setsubun shifts to February 2 in 2025 due to the early arrival of ‘Risshun,’ marking the beginning of spring. This unusual adjustment reflects the relationship between the Earth's position relative to the sun, causing significant interest among residents and cultural historians alike.
One of the most anticipated festivities during Setsubun is ‘mamemaki’, or bean throwing, which originated from ancient Chinese customs aimed at warding off evil. According to historical records, revelers would chant “Oni wa soto! Fuku wa uchi!” (Demons out! Luck in!) as they scattered roasted soybeans around their homes to invoke health and prosperity throughout the year.
Reported by Nikkei news, the custom has deep roots, possibly dating back to the Muromachi period, when families began adopting this practice to combat seasonal illnesses thought to be caused by ‘oni’ or demons. With each throwing of the beans, families hope to cleanse their households of misfortune and mischief.
Significantly, the custom has evolved over the years. While many families continue to practice ‘mamemaki,' others are engaging with the festival through culinary traditions, especially the trending practice of consuming ‘ehomaki’, sushi rolls filled with various ingredients. The rich flavor metaphorically aids wishes for happiness and health throughout the coming year.
The role of ‘ehomaki’ has grown, particularly with younger generations embracing this delicacy. Supermarkets and convenience stores have transformed the ordering process for these sushi rolls, offering delectable varieties, even desserts, capturing the cultural imagination. According to local sources, some businesses anticipate record sales as families rush to stock up on their favorite rolls.
Meanwhile, children at kindergartens across Japan are actively participating by engaging with the tradition. For example, across Aomori, children have been busy early, already organizing ‘mamemaki’ events, showcasing their creativity as they dress up as ‘oni’ and enjoy the excitement of throwing beans at their peers.
“This year’s Setsubun feels particularly special,” one kindergarten teacher remarked. “Not only because of the unique date but also seeing the children excited to learn about and participate in our cultural practices.”
Children are embracing the variety of food associated with Setsubun, with regions sharing distinct customs for the holiday. For example, the western regions of Japan have the custom of enjoying grilled sardines, believed to ward off demons with their distinctive odors and sharp bones.
“It’s amazing to see the kids trying their hand at filleting fish, not just during Setsubun but as part of learning about our culinary heritage,” one parent praised at the scene of the fish-handling event held for kindergarteners.
Reflecting on the historical aspects, Setsubun’s connection to agricultural cycles and the seasonal shifts can be traced back to its observation during the ‘nihonbashi’ period, where famine and food scarcity heavily influenced rituals. The hope for bountiful harvests dictated the urgency with which individuals sought to cleanse their homes during Setsubun.
The evolution of these practices points to broader cultural reflections. With Japan’s aging population, engaging the youth and encouraging their participation stands to invigorate community bonds and cultural recognition.
Many families have reported creating new traditions alongside the established ones encouraging intergenerational exchanges. A survey conducted by Yomiuri Shimbun revealed about 70% of families are opting to celebrate by mixing traditional food with contemporary dishes, blending flavors and histories, truly embodying the essence of modern Japan.
“At our table, we will honor the traditional tastes of Setsubun but also add our own twist,” one mother noted, excited for her children to experience the day’s festivities. “Each year brings new potential and we love celebrating together as family.”
Importantly, the cultural significance of Setsubun doesn’t just end with meals and songs. It remains firmly tied to community solidarity. Many local events are planned, such as parades and contests, showcasing how various communities honor the demon chases and open their doors for festive gatherings.
This year, as individuals and families participate with both excitement and reverence for history, Setsubun promises to remain more than just another day on the calendar. Instead, it embodies the spirit of resilience, history, and culture, bringing vigor and connection as spring approaches.
The day will be observed as families and communities will officially welcome spring on this new date. The hope is to continue fostering connections, reminding everyone of shared traditions, and preparing for the arrival of warmer days.