March 19, 2025, marks the celebration of Submariner's Day in Russia, a tradition that reflects the nation's recognition of the valor and sacrifices made by those who serve in its submarine fleet. This annual observance, established by order No. 253 of the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Navy, Felix Nikolayevich Gromov on July 15, 1996, coincides with a historic decree from Emperor Nicholas II, which officially recognized submarines as a distinct class of military vessels in 1906.
The decree on March 19, 1906, allowed for the inclusion of ten submarines in the Russian fleet, marking the inception of the submarine forces within the naval hierarchy. By the onset of World War I, the Russian submarine fleet had expanded significantly, boasting dozens of submarines actively deployed to safeguard maritime borders and undertake essential military operations.
During the Great Patriotic War, submarines made significant contributions, showcasing unparalleled professionalism and dedication. These vessels engaged in intelligence missions, successfully targeting enemy ships and disrupting adversarial supply chains. The efforts of submariners played a critical role in securing victory over Nazi Germany.
Subsequently, the submarine fleet of the Soviet Union, and later the Russian Federation, continued to grow into a cornerstone of national defense capabilities. With the advent of nuclear-powered submarines, equipped with advanced missile systems, submarine forces became pivotal in maintaining strategic deterrence on a global scale.
Today, the Russian Navy's submarine forces represent a sophisticated component of military power, consisting of strategic missile-carrying submarines, multi-purpose nuclear and diesel-electric submarines, as well as supporting ships. These advanced vessels are equipped with contemporary weaponry, including hypersonic missiles, enhancing Russia's maritime defense capabilities.
The significance of Submariner's Day is further underscored by praise from regional leaders. Oleg Kozhemyako, the Governor of Primorye, extended his congratulations to the submariners, highlighting their essential role in the Pacific Fleet. “The date of the holiday was chosen purposefully; it symbolizes our proud navy tradition, and we honor those who serve beneath the waves,” he stated.
Throughout present celebrations, various naval drills and ceremonies are held to reinforce the skills required for operating in such demanding environments. For instance, the crew of the submarine 'Ufa' recently conducted survival training exercises at their base, led by Commander Evgeny Sciborovksy. He shared insights into the rigorous preparedness protocols, noting, “We engage in survivability drills five times a week. It's essential for the safety of our operations at sea, especially when unexpected situations arise.”
Submariners like boatman Vladim Tereshenkov reflect on the emotional challenges of being away at sea. He remarked, “When we're out there, thoughts of home and family occupy our minds. The first call upon returning is always to my parents or wife, just to check in. Knowing they’re all right brings a sense of peace.” This sentiment resonates deeply among returning submariners.
As young officers continue to step into pivotal roles, the legacies of distinguished submariners remain influential. For example, the historical exploits of Alexander Marinesco, commander of the Soviet submarine 'S-13', known for sinking numerous enemy vessels, are revered and celebrated on this day. Additionally, educators who play a role in preserving submarine traditions, such as Peter Shakhvorostov at the Novosibirsk Institute of Naval Hydrophysics (NINH), exemplify the commitment to honor this important naval heritage.
Shakhvorostov served with distinction during World War II and dedicated his post-military career to teaching and promoting military maritime history and traditions. His involvement in educational initiatives underscores an essential aspect of Submariner’s Day: the importance of remembrance and the transmission of naval culture to future generations.
Moreover, the history behind Submariner's Day expands beyond military celebrations; it intertwines with civic projects and research efforts aimed at documenting the contributions of submariners to Russian history. Materials highlighting the heroism and significant actions of submariners have been compiled by the likes of Denis Shilovsky, a lecturer at NINH, depicting the critical role these individuals have played throughout the history of the Russian Navy.
On this day, various regional projects and publications aim to highlight not just the bravery of submariners but their vital contributions to international moments impacting the submarine lineage. The combination of military respect, proud culture, and modern accomplishments crystallizes the essence of Submariner's Day in Russia.
As the nation commemorates this meaningful occasion, it stands united in gratitude for the seas' silent guardians, whose dedication and courage safeguard the maritime future of the country amid ever-evolving seas and geopolitical landscapes.
