A powerful earthquake struck Myanmar on March 28, 2025, causing significant damage and prompting emergency declarations across the region. The tremors were felt not only in Myanmar but also in neighboring countries, including Thailand and parts of southwestern China. Reports indicate that in Thailand, particularly in Bangkok, several tall buildings experienced noticeable swaying, with at least one under-construction building sustaining damage.
The earthquake, measured at a magnitude of 7.7, struck near the town of Sagaing, approximately 16 kilometers from Mandalay, Myanmar's second-largest city. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) reported that the quake's epicenter was located about 10 kilometers underground. This depth contributed to the severity of the damage, especially in the vicinity of the epicenter.
According to experts, the earthquake resulted from a strike-slip fault, a geological phenomenon occurring when tectonic plates slide past each other. Myanmar is situated at the convergence of several tectonic plates, making the region seismically active. Matthew Blackett, a physical geography professor at Coventry University, explained, "Myanmar is located on the edge of the Indian subcontinent, resulting in the Indian plate colliding with the Eurasian plate, which has created the Himalayas. When these plates shift, as they did in this 7.7 magnitude earthquake, they can move several meters, releasing enormous energy that causes vibrations felt on the ground."
Following the initial quake, at least two aftershocks were recorded, with the most significant measuring 6.4 on the Richter scale. Dr. Brian Baptie, a seismologist from the British Geological Survey, noted that earthquakes in the Burmese Arc tend to occur at shallow depths, typically no more than 20 kilometers, which increases the potential for severe damage. He remarked, "This is a very large earthquake capable of causing significant damage near the epicenter, and it is likely to be felt from a distance."
The tremors from the earthquake were distinctly felt in Thailand, where the geological conditions allowed for the vibrations to travel effectively. In Bangkok, citizens reported feeling the ground shake, although no serious damage was reported. The Thai government, led by Prime Minister Phaethongthan Shinawatra, confirmed that only one construction site in the capital was affected, and the building's structure was designed to withstand seismic activity.
Prime Minister Shinawatra held a press conference on March 29, 2025, to address the situation and assure the public of the government's response. She emphasized the importance of assessing the damage and coordinating relief efforts for those impacted by the earthquake. "We are aware that the earthquake originated in Myanmar and affected Thailand, particularly in Bangkok, where there was one building collapse under construction, but no other structures posed a threat to life," she stated.
The Prime Minister also mentioned that the Department of Public Works and Town & Country Planning is investigating the collapsed building to determine the cause and to implement measures to prevent future incidents. She urged citizens to remain calm and assured them that the government is taking all necessary actions to ensure public safety.
In the aftermath of the quake, reports indicated that there were approximately 50 aftershocks, most of which went unnoticed by the public. The last recorded aftershock was measured at 1.2 on the Richter scale, indicating a decrease in seismic activity. The Prime Minister reassured the public that the government is committed to providing support for those affected and is utilizing all available resources to ensure safety and recovery.
In addition to the immediate response, Minister of Natural Resources and Environment, Mr. Ratchamontri, emphasized the need for public education regarding earthquake preparedness and safety measures. He addressed the importance of understanding the natural occurrence of earthquakes and the systems in place to mitigate their effects. "Earthquakes are a natural phenomenon that cannot be avoided, but we must be confident in our earthquake resistance systems," he stated.
Despite the challenges posed by the earthquake, the Prime Minister expressed gratitude towards emergency responders and volunteers who worked tirelessly to assist those in need. She highlighted the importance of collaboration among various sectors to address the situation effectively. "We are coordinating with all relevant parties, including the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, to ensure that we are addressing the needs of our citizens and providing necessary support," she said.
The earthquake in Myanmar serves as a reminder of the region's geological volatility and the importance of preparedness and resilience in the face of natural disasters. As authorities continue to assess the damage and provide assistance, the focus remains on ensuring the safety and well-being of affected communities.
