On January 30, 2025, Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. proposed to remove the Typhon missile system, deployed by the U.S. military, if China agrees to halt its aggressive actions against the Philippines, particularly aimed at Filipino fishermen and territorial sovereignty.
The Typhon missile system, which was repositioned closer to the South China Sea conflict zones, has sparked significant tensions between the Philippines and China. Marcos's remarks came during his visit to Cebu province, where he declared, "Let’s make a deal with China: stop claiming our territory, stop harassing our fishermen and let them make a living... and we’ll return the Typhon missiles." This request reflects the increasing frustration from Manila over Beijing's hostile maneuvers, which reportedly involve ramming Filipino fishing boats, using water cannons, and even directing high-powered lasers at Philippine vessels.
The deployment of the Typhon missile system, which includes both standard and Tomahawk land-attack missiles, was meant to bolster the Philippines’ defense capabilities. It was initially brought to the country as part of joint military exercises, but both nations later agreed to its indefinite stay on Philippine soil. This repositioning closer to Manila marks a strategic move, perceived by China as antagonistic.
Chinese Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Mao Ning responded to Marcos's statements, claiming the missile system's presence is "creating tensions and hostility in the region and inciting geopolitical confrontation and an arms race." This reflects China's broader concerns about U.S. military presence near its territorial claims, as it maintains sovereignty over almost all of the South China Sea, which is often at odds with the claims made by the Philippines and several other Southeast Asian nations, including Vietnam and Brunei.
This rising geopolitical tension is underscored by the Philippines' recent efforts to strengthen its national defense. Secretary Teodoro has asserted, "No single entity can dictate how we conduct our defense deployments," highlighting the Philippines' determination to maintain its independence amid external pressures.
According to analysts, the proposed deal by Marcos is noteworthy, as it opens the door for dialogue amid continued hostilities. He urged China to cease all forms of aggression, stating, “Let’s make this deal clear: stop your aggressive and coercive behavior.” Such statements are indicative of the shift within Philippine defense policy, aiming to prioritize the nation’s sovereignty and maritime entitlement against persistent Chinese encroachments.
Marcos's government has been increasingly vocal against China's maritime actions. For example, the criticism has focused on Chinese coast guard ships' routine aggressive approach toward Filipino fishermen, who depend on the rich fishing grounds of the South China Sea. This area, believed to contain significant untapped oil reserves and is strategically important for global trade, has become the center of geopolitical currents.
Compounding these tensions, the National Bureau of Investigation recently apprehended five Chinese citizens for alleged spying, which is indicative of the heightened security climate surrounding national defense affairs. The accused were reportedly involved in drone operations aimed at surveilling Philippine naval assets, raising concerns over external interference and espionage.
The U.S. has shown solidarity with the Philippines through mutual defense treaties, reiteratively denouncing China’s increasingly aggressive territorial claims. The notion of regional stability remains precarious, with countries like the Philippines grappling with the necessity of balancing diplomatic relations with military readiness.
Looking forward, observers indicate the response from China following Marcos's peace contingent remains uncertain. Historical patterns of diplomatic engagement suggest potential for either heightened tensions or cautious dialogue, pending Beijing's reception of the Philippines' offers and demands. This situation exemplifies the broader strategic rivalry within the Asia-Pacific and the significant role the South China Sea plays within these geopolitical narratives.
Time will tell how this delicate balance evolves, but the stakes are high as the Philippines navigates its priorities between national security and international diplomacy. The outcome could redefine not only Philippine-China relations but also the dynamics of U.S.-China engagements within the broader region.