Sir Julius Chan, who passed away on October 26, 2023, at the age of 85, was one of the most influential political figures of Papua New Guinea, with his legacy deeply etched in the nation's history. His death marks the end of an era, as both the founding father and the last surviving member of parliament from the Independence era.
Prime Minister James Marape, addressing the news of Chan's passing, expressed the gravity of the loss: "It is with great sadness... the father of our modern economy." This poignant reflection not only honors Chan’s contributions but also encapsulates the sentiments of many Papua New Guineans who revered him as the architect of the country’s economic framework. Chan was instrumental during pivotal moments, serving as the first finance minister and later as prime minister.
Born and raised in New Ireland, Sir Julius entered politics during the twilight of colonial rule, securing his seat in the House of Assembly back in 1968. His legislative career began at a time when Papua New Guinea was striving for its identity and stability post-independence.
During his first term as prime minister from 1980 to 1982, Chan made significant decisions, such as advocating for austerity measures and establishing currency devaluation to navigate through economic strains. Known for his pragmatic approach, he did not shy away from making bold moves. Chan authorized Papua New Guinea's first international military deployment to Vanuatu to quash rebellion against its newly independent government. This action earned the respect of Pacific nations, positioning PNG as a regional player.
Chan’s second term from 1994 to 1997, unfortunately, coincided with the Bougainville Civil War—a conflict marked by devastation and loss. To bring the war to a close, Chan's government controversially contracted Sandline International, a UK-based mercenary company, to aid military operations against the Bougainville Revolutionary Army. The $36 million deal generated significant backlash once it became public. The outrage spurred by this decision led the PNG Defence Force, under then-Comander Jerry Singirok, to disarm the mercenaries and demand Chan’s resignation.
Retired Major-General Jerry Singirok recalled this tumultuous time, stating, "Today, I mourn with his family... such a selfless servant as Sir Julius Chan." Singirok, who was pivotal during the Sandline affair, shared how their disagreements did not diminish his respect for Chan. Under immense pressure, Chan stepped down pending investigations but later returned to politics after years out of the limelight.
During his time as the governor of New Ireland from 2007 onwards, Chan's focus shifted to local governance and cultural respect—a notable departure from previous national roles. He was celebrated for integrating the MaiMai chieftain system within local government, reaffirming indigenous governance structures and empowering his community. His efforts included establishing pensions for the aging population, which continually secured his political capital among New Ireland's elders.
Chan, often alluded to as the “The Last Man Standing,” garnered admiration and criticism alike throughout his political life. His initial economic strategies laid the foundation for what would become the Kina and Toea—currency symbols now synonymous with Papua New Guinea. He was not just seen as the nation's financial innovator but also its reluctant military leader during trying times.
His passing garnered immense emotional responses across all spectrums of society. Local communities are now poised to pay their highest traditional tributes to Chan, expressing sentiments captured in the local saying, "Lapun i go nau. Wok bilong em i pinis," meaning, "The old man has left, his work here is done." His leadership continues to inspire generations, capturing the complexity of ruling whilst remaining anchored to cultural roots.
Public mourning has been declared for the days following Chan's death, as Papua New Guineans reflect on his contributions—not only as a leader but as a man who navigated the intricacies of indigenous culture against the backdrop of modern politics.
His legacy, now forever interconnected with the fabric of Papua New Guinea's political history, serves as both a reminder of the challenges leaders face and the indelible impacts they leave behind. Despite the controversies and battles, he will remain one of the most revered figures, forever enshrined as one of PNG’s finest leaders.