A new study investigates the efficacy of dental composite resins containing Surface Pre-reacted Glass-ionomer (S-PRG) particles compared to those without under simulated cariogenic conditions. The findings reveal no significant superiority of S-PRG reinforced composites over conventional resins, challenging previous beliefs about the enhanced protective capabilities of ion-releasing materials.
Researchers from the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul conducted the study, which emphasized the common dilemma faced by dental practitioners: the high replacement rates for restorations due to issues such as secondary caries. The experimental design simulated biofilm formation on human molars using saliva from children with active caries, providing insights applicable to real-world dental care.
The study divided molars among three test groups: those restored with Beautifil Bulk Restorative, which incorporates S-PRG particles; those restored with Filtek One Bulk Fill, which does not contain S-PRG; and control teeth. Each set underwent standardized treatment processes before being subjected to cariogenic challenges for five days. The results were quantified through microhardness tests and bacterial growth assays.
According to the novel findings, the inclusion of fluoride toothpaste significantly reduced total bacterial counts and the growth of Streptococcus, irrespective of the type of composite resin used. Authors noted, "Toothpaste effectively reduced microorganisms, irrespective of the composite resin."
While both types of composite showed potential for controlling enamel demineralization, the Filtek One produced superior outcomes. Specifically, results indicated, "Both restorative systems controlled enamel demineralization, with FB and FBF outperforming BB and BBF." This suggests the potential for specific formulations to offer enhanced clinical performance.
Notably, the study also dismantled the previously held notion of the S-PRG’s superiority, stating: "There is no superiority of the composite resin with S-PRG particles over a conventional bulk resin, when subjected to cariogenic challenge in biofilm microcosms." This has significant implications for habitual restorative practices, urging clinicians to reconsider the reliance on materials promising enhanced protection based purely on their composition.
The researchers believe their findings pave the way for future investigations focused on the longevity and efficacy of various dental materials. The study hopes to address the limitations of dental restorations under compounded cariogenic challenges, providing valuable data for future product development.
Overall, this research contributes to the broader discussion on dental restoration strategies, reinforcing the necessity for material selection based on rigorous scientific evidence rather than marketing claims.