Researchers have uncovered how the microbiota-derived metabolite 3-phenyllactic acid (PLA) can promote healthspan by enhancing mitochondrial function and resilience to stress. The study, involving the nematode model Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), demonstrates significant effects of PLA — derived from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum — on age-related health factors, offering insights with potential applications for human health.
The research conducted by scientists exploring the role of probiotics found substantial life-extending properties linked to the living state of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. Unlike heat-inactivated bacteria, live Lactiplantibacillus not only promotes lifespan but enhances various health-related factors, reducing age-related deterioration.
Key findings revealed the metabolite PLA to be instrumental. Treatment with PLA, administered at varying concentrations, resulted in longevity increases of 22.7% to 23.3%, exhibiting symbiotic effects on energy metabolism and stress resilience through the activation of the SKN-1 and ATFS-1 pathways — recognized transcription factors associated with aging and stress response.
The investigation introduced the Healthy Aging Index (HAI), assessing healthspan through metrics like energy production and mobility. Researchers also noted significant reductions in lipofuscin accumulation, improved movement speed, and enhanced tolerance to oxidative stress due to PLA supplementation.
Interestingly, the study extends its relevance beyond nematodes to possible implications for humans. Analysis indicates lower blood levels of PLA correlate with deteriorated physical performance metrics among patients with sarcopenia — age-related muscle loss, contrasting those without the condition. This highlights PLA's potential role as both a marker and target for interventions aimed at enhancing healthspan.
By focusing on mitochondrial activity — shown to decline with age — and exploring biological pathways through which PLA operates, the researchers contribute to the growing body of evidence supporting the influence of microbiota on host longevity and vitality.
This research broadens our perspective on specific metabolites produced by probiotics, reinforcing their significance beyond mere dietary supplement benefits. The findings encourage future studies to probe the mechanisms underlying the effects of PLA and its relationship with physical performance and aging.
Overall, the study presents promising avenues of exploration around the therapeutic use of microbiota-derived metabolites, providing foundational knowledge for enhancing healthspan and informing interventions for age-related conditions.