On May 5, 2025, the Prime Minister of the Libyan National Unity Government, Abdel Hamid al-Dabaiba, met with Eni's CEO, Claudio Descalzi, in Tripoli to discuss the company's ongoing activities in Libya. This meeting focused particularly on three major projects approved in 2023: the Sabratha project, the Bouri gas development, and the Heyakel A&E project. According to a memorandum released by Eni, the Sabratha project is expected to complete its end-of-life solutions by the end of this year, contributing to gas production from the Mediterranean Sea. Meanwhile, the Bouri gas development project is on track to begin operations in 2026, and the Heyakel A&E project has recently commenced drilling activities, having started in April 2025.
During the meeting, both parties discussed Eni's exploration activities in Libya and the opportunities arising from the recent launch of a new exploration campaign. They emphasized the strategic importance of these initiatives for sustaining and increasing gas production in Libya, while also aiming to reduce carbon emissions and enhance local human capital and technology transfer.
Eni has maintained operations in Libya since 1959 and currently holds a significant portfolio of assets in exploration, production, and development. Their operations are managed through the Mellitah Oil & Gas B.V. joint venture, in which Eni owns a 50 percent stake alongside the National Oil Corporation.
As of 2024, Eni has positioned itself as the primary international gas producer in Libya, with a production capacity of 176,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day, according to the memorandum.
Meanwhile, in the United Arab Emirates, the government is intensifying its efforts to promote sustainability and environmental preservation throughout 2025. This initiative includes a variety of pioneering solutions aimed at protecting natural resources, enhancing biodiversity, and fostering eco-friendly practices. The UAE's commitment aligns with its national objectives of achieving carbon neutrality by 2051.
Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, the President of the UAE, underscored the country’s dedication to participating in global climate action. On February 4, 2025, he stated, "We draw our strength and momentum in the field of sustainability, and continue our ambitious approach in protecting the environment and preserving its resources, and supporting its diversification from all sustainable possibilities for future generations."
In a similar vein, Sheikh Mohamed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, the Vice President and Prime Minister of the UAE, has urged the public to maintain a nature-friendly lifestyle and uphold national achievements in sustainability. Since the beginning of 2025, the UAE has launched numerous initiatives that bolster environmental sustainability on both local and international fronts.
Among these initiatives is the UAE's first marine exploration journey, which aims to conduct a comprehensive geological survey of the seabed within its waters using the research vessel "Gion." Additionally, the Sharjah Environment and Protected Areas Authority announced the official inclusion of Sir Bani Yas Island in the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Green List of Protected Areas.
Furthermore, the UAE has developed a geospatial data platform for agriculture and water resources, which aims to reduce groundwater consumption in the agricultural sector by 2% and increase the use of non-traditional water sources for irrigation from 8% to 13% by 2027.
In a bid to enhance the UAE's leadership in sustainability, the Cabinet approved the launch of a national green building certification program in May 2024. This voluntary system evaluates and certifies sustainable buildings according to high environmental standards, targeting various types of structures, including commercial, hospitality, industrial, governmental, and residential buildings.
The Green Building Program supports the national strategy for managing energy and water resources, aiming to reduce energy consumption by 50% and water consumption by 40% by 2050.
During the Sustainability Year of 2024, the UAE adopted over 87 policies and initiatives related to sustainability, including the national program "Grow UAE," a federal law addressing climate change impacts, and the national strategy for marine life preservation. The nation also hosted the Global Food Security Summit, signing several agreements and memoranda of understanding to support global efforts in renewable energy and implement national strategies related to hydrogen, energy, the circular economy, and biodiversity.
In 2025, the UAE reaffirmed its position as a global leader in the transition to clean energy through innovative projects that enhance energy security and inspire global sustainability initiatives. Early in the year, the UAE announced the launch of the world's largest project combining solar energy and energy storage batteries, which will provide renewable energy around the clock and is expected to deliver approximately 1 gigawatt of renewable energy daily.
This project includes a photovoltaic solar power station with a capacity of 5 gigawatts and energy storage systems capable of holding 19 gigawatt-hours. Furthermore, the UAE is set to enhance its clean energy production portfolio with the completion of the Ajban solar photovoltaic power station, expected in the third quarter of 2026. This facility will produce 1.5 gigawatts of electricity, significantly contributing to carbon neutrality goals by reducing carbon emissions by over 2.4 million tons annually.
Currently, the UAE boasts three of the largest solar power stations globally and aims to achieve a clean energy production capacity of 14.2 gigawatts by 2030.
In January 2025, the UAE, Italy, and Albania signed a tripartite partnership agreement for cooperation in clean energy projects, focusing on large-scale renewable energy initiatives in Albania, particularly in solar photovoltaic and wind energy, with a portion of this renewable energy to be transferred to Italy.
Additionally, in February 2025, Abu Dhabi Future Energy Company "Masdar" signed a framework agreement with "Total Energies" and "E-Boynt Zero" to enhance clean energy projects in emerging markets and developing economies across Africa and Asia. In March 2025, Masdar announced an agreement with "Indesa" to acquire a 49.99% stake in four solar energy projects in Spain, totaling 446 megawatts.
Masdar is currently active in over 40 countries across six continents, with investments and commitments aimed at achieving a project portfolio exceeding 100 gigawatts of total energy production capacity by 2030, with aspirations to double that in the following years.