Jean-Louis Debré, the former French Interior Minister and prominent figure of the republican right, has passed away at the age of 80, his family announced on Tuesday, March 4, 2025. His passing marks the end of a distinguished political career, during which he served as Minister of the Interior, President of the National Assembly, and President of the Constitutional Council.
Debré's political career was closely entwined with the legacy of Jacques Chirac, under whom he served as Interior Minister from 1995 to 1997. He was known for his commitment to the values of the Gaullist tradition and was considered one of Chirac's staunchest allies throughout their time together. "I will always cherish the warmth with which he welcomed me as a young deputy," recalled Laurent Wauquiez, leader of the right-wing party, reflecting on their interactions and Debré's deep commitment to public service.
His family confirmed his death following his long service to the French political scene, which included over twenty years as Deputy for the Eure and mayor of Évreux from 2001 to 2007. "Presiding over the National Assembly, 'this magical place of the Republic,' was for Jean-Louis Debré 'the honor of his life' and 'five years of absolute happiness,'" stated Yaël Braun-Pivet, the current President of the National Assembly, paying tribute to Debré's dedication to protecting the Republic and its institutions.
Affectionately known for his colorful personality, Debré was described by Edouard Philippe, former Prime Minister, as "a truculent, quite unique character" who made indelible marks on the lives of those who served alongside him. His tenure at the Ministry of the Interior is particularly noted for the controversial expulsion of 300 undocumented immigrants from the Saint-Bernard church in Paris, which he orchestrated on August 23, 1996. At the time, he stated he would act "with humanity and heart," but this decision sparked significant backlash, reflecting the contentious nature of immigration policy during his time.
Debré was also known for his literary pursuits during his retirement from active politics, engaging with readers through book signings and performances, including roles in his plays. He showcased his love for the Republic by drawing symbols of French identity, like Marianne and the tricolor flag, during his public gatherings.
The Debré family has deep political roots; Jean-Louis was the son of Michel Debré, the first Prime Minister of the Fifth Republic, appointed by Charles de Gaulle. Jean-Louis’s twin brother, Bernard Debré, who had also held political office, passed away five years earlier at the age of 75 from cancer. Their brother François, who was also involved with journalism, died shortly after Bernard, adding to the family's legacy of public service and contribution to French society.
Jean-Louis devotion to his heritage was palpable, and he maintained strong ties to the political sphere long after his active career came to an end. His story is intertwined with the narrative of France's political evolution over decades. He was more than just a politician; he was regarded as one of the ardent defenders of the republican institutions.
The outpouring of reactions following his death has been widespread. Bruno Retailleau, the Minister of the Interior, eloquently expressed, "From the Ministry of the Interior to the Constitutional Council, his convictions marked the political life of France" and extended heartfelt condolences to Debré’s family and friends. These sentiments encapsulate the reverberations of Debré’s political and personal legacy, one defined by service and dedication to France.
Jean-Louis Debré's life story serves as both a reflection of personal ambition and the larger historical shifts within the French political structure, where he left his mark across various institutions. His unwavering commitment to the Republic will be remembered as the nation reflects on not only his contributions but the significant moments he navigated throughout his career.