Residents and holidaymakers in northern Victoria are facing heightened health risks due to the detection of the rare mosquito-borne Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). The state's health department issued warnings after finding the virus present in mosquito traps located within the Moira Shire, which encompasses popular vacation spots like Yarrawonga and various camping destinations along the picturesque River Murray.
This is the first confirmation of JEV this season, marking significant concern as the virus has been confirmed to circulate near the Victoria/NSW border. Victoria's Chief Health Officer, Tarun Weeramanthri, emphasized the need for awareness: "Japanese encephalitis virus can cause a rare but potentially serious infection of the brain, and it is spread to humans through bites from infected mosquitoes." He added, "If you're visiting northern Victoria, particularly inland riverine regions and near the Murray River, you're potentially at higher risk of infection."
Typically, symptoms of Japanese encephalitis appear five to fifteen days after being bitten. They can range from mild, such as fever and headache, to severe cases with symptoms including vomiting and seizures. The infection can even be fatal, creating serious medical emergencies for those affected.
To safeguard against this threat, health officials are strongly advising people to take proactive measures this summer. "It’s important to take steps to prevent mosquito bites so cover up, use repellent and limit your time outdoors when mosquitoes are about," Weeramanthri cautioned. For those camping or caravanning, ensuring mosquito screens are intact is key. Anyone who doesn’t have adequate screens should use mosquito nets, keep doors and tent flaps closed, and avoid camping near wetland areas where mosquitoes breed.
Recent media reports highlighted one alarming case involving Bond, 60, who was working near the Murray River when he began experiencing severe headache and fever early last December. His family rushed him to Shepparton Hospital, where his condition worsened rapidly, necessitating airlift to St Vincent’s ICU in Melbourne. Unfortunately, it was later confirmed Bond had contracted Japanese encephalitis, and medical experts are uncertain about his chances of recovery.
While symptomatic cases of this virus are rare, they can lead to devastating consequences. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the majority of JEV infections are mild, presenting primarily as fever and headache. Yet, about one in every 250 infections can evolve to severe illness, typified by rapid onset of high fever, altered mental status, and seizures.
For those who survive the infection, 20-30% of individuals face life-altering effects such as memory loss or even paralysis.
Compounding the public health message, the WHO disclosed, "Most JEV infections are mild (fever and headache) or without apparent symptoms, but approximately one in 250 infections results in severe clinical illness." This stark reality showcases why prevention is pivotal.
Fortunately, the Victorian government provides free vaccinations against the virus for eligible individuals residing within 24 high-risk local government areas throughout northern Victoria. Residents and visitors alike are encouraged to check their eligibility for this vaccine and make it part of their health and wellness routine.
With the increasing threat of Japanese encephalitis, awareness and prevention tactics are more pertinent than ever this summer season. By following health department recommendations, residents and visitors can significantly minimize their risks of contracting this dangerous virus.
The health department has made information about the virus and vaccinations readily available on their website, ensuring everyone has access to the knowledge required to stay safe.