The Japanese Ministry of Defense is contemplating the use of the name 'Reppu'—a historical fighter plane from the former Imperial Navy—as a nickname for the Air Self-Defense Force's upcoming next-generation fighter jet. This decision emerges from ongoing collaborative development efforts among Japan, the United Kingdom, and Italy, with a target deployment date set for 2035.
As reported on April 27, 2025, by multiple government sources, the review process is being conducted discreetly by senior officials within the Ministry of Defense. The name 'Reppu' was originally intended as a successor to the famed Zero fighter during World War II but was never produced, leading it to be dubbed a 'phantom fighter.' While the Ministry is considering this historical name, there is no legal framework supporting its usage, raising concerns among some officials who argue that it evokes sentiments of militarism.
The Ministry of Defense has established internal regulations regarding the nomenclature of Self-Defense Force (SDF) aircraft. Typically, these regulations dictate that fighter planes are designated with the prefix 'F' followed by a numerical sequence based on their order of development. In line with these rules, the next-generation fighter jet is likely to be designated as 'F3,' indicating its role as the successor to the currently operational F2 fighter jet.
Adding the nickname 'Reppu' to the formal designation would result in the aircraft being referred to as 'F3 Reppu.' This potential naming strategy has sparked a debate within the Ministry, as some officials express discomfort with the implications of reviving a name associated with Japan's militaristic past.
Critics within the Ministry have voiced their concerns, stating that using an old military aircraft name could conjure memories of Japan's militaristic history, which many believe should remain in the past. The sensitivity surrounding this issue reflects Japan's ongoing struggle with its wartime legacy and the desire to present a more pacifist image on the global stage.
In the context of international defense collaboration, the joint development of the next-generation fighter jet signifies a strategic partnership among Japan, the UK, and Italy, aiming to bolster their military capabilities in an increasingly complex security environment. The collaboration is indicative of a broader trend where nations are pooling resources and expertise to develop advanced military technology.
As the project progresses, the choice of name will likely be scrutinized not only within Japan but also by international observers who are keenly aware of Japan's historical context. The decision could set a precedent for how military hardware is named and perceived in the future.
In summary, the Ministry of Defense's consideration of the name 'Reppu' for the next-generation fighter jet highlights the delicate balance between honoring historical legacies and addressing contemporary concerns about militarism. As Japan prepares to unveil its latest advancements in military technology, the implications of naming choices will resonate beyond the confines of the Ministry, influencing public perception and international relations.
