On Saturday, the Iraqi Communications and Media Commission announced the ban on the broadcast of the series "Muawiya" on MBC Iraq. The decision, reported by the Iraqi News Agency (INA), aims to maintain alignment of media content with national and professional standards established in Iraq.
According to the commission's statement, the ban is based on legal powers granted by Legislative Order 65 of 2004, emphasizing their responsibility to regulate the media sector and to prevent broadcasting content likely to incite sectarian disputes. "Broadcasting works of such controversial historical nature could provoke sectarian debates, threatening public peace and impacting the social fabric, particularly during the month of Ramadan," the statement elaborated.
The commission also called on all media institutions to adhere to professional standards and avoid broadcasting content potentially leading to unrest or sectarian incitement.
Following this announcement, the Iraqi Communications and Media Commission issued an official letter to the management of MBC Iraq, demanding compliance with the decision and the cessation of the series' broadcast. The commission warned of potential legal action against any entity failing to adhere to the existing media regulations.
Originally, MBC had launched promotional content for the historical series "Muawiya" shortly before its scheduled airing during the Ramadan season of 2025. This was after two years of controversy surrounding the production, largely due to the sensitivities associated with the Islamic historical period it portrays.
The series, as introduced through its promotional material, aims to depict "an era debated by historians, an empire stretching from east to west, and governance combining cunning with strength, telling an unforgettable political saga." It presents the character of Muawiya as transitioning "from the writer of revelations to the first king of Islam." Syrian actor Luji Ismail plays Muawiya, with Jordanian actor Iyad Nassar portraying Ali bin Abi Talib.
Critics have pointed to the immense historical and political significance of Muawiya ben Abi Sufyan, noting his foundational role as the first ruler of the Umayyad dynasty. His portrayal has sparked concerns among various religious factions about exacerbations of historical rivalries—especially seen during festive times like Ramadan.
One religious figure, Iraqi cleric Muqtada al-Sadr, expressed disapproval of the series through social media. He stated, "It is more fitting and necessary for MBC to retract its broadcast of this drama about Muawiya, who is considered the head of sectarian disputes, the first to insult the Companions, and one who split the unity of the Islamic community." He cautioned against hurting the feelings of Muslims worldwide with such portrayals.
Al-Sadr did not limit his critiques to the series alone but also condemned plans for another series about Abu Luluwa, the assassin of the second caliph, Umar ibn al-Khattab, proposing both productions as catalysts for sectarian tension.
The Communications and Media Commission had previously warned against the portrayal of historical figures capable of igniting sectarian heat, emphasizing the necessity for media to act responsibly. They reiterated, "We will take necessary legal measures against anyone violating the media regulations currently in place." This warning reflects the broader concerns within Iraq about maintaining societal peace and harmony through introduced media content.
This ban is indicative of the growing scrutiny applied to historical representations within the media, particularly those involving figures like Muawiya, whose legacy is steeped in historical controversy. The series had aimed to explore his role and possibly reshape historical narratives, but the reaction indicates how sensitive and divided public opinion is surrounding such figures.
Considering the production's hefty budget—reported between $75 million to $100 million—"Muawiya" was positioned as one of the most expensive productions ever seen in Arab drama, shot extensively using sophisticated technologies. It was initially slated for release during Ramadan 2023, but various circumstances led to its postponement.
Although entertainment channels often celebrate such high-budget productions, the insistence on historical detailing and accuracy can present dilemmas for producers and creators, who must navigate complex political and cultural landscapes. The prohibition of this series reveals the challenges encountered within the Arab media industry when it confronts contentious figures and events.
While MBC insisted on presenting narratives rooted deeply within the historical complexity, they now find themselves at odds with regulatory concerns intent on neutralizing potential discord during sensitive cultural periods. The decision to suspend the series is more than mere censorship; it is also reflective of the tensions and caution exercised within the media sphere, particularly when addressing the past.
Moving forward, the reception of the media’s representations of historical figures like Muawiya will likely remain contentious and will necessitate closer attention from authorities, along with heightened sensitivity on the part of content creators, ensuring their works do not provoke unintended divisions.