New findings from Ethiopia reveal significant insights on bovine brucellosis, shedding light on the disease's epidemiology and the knowledge gap among dairy farmers.
Bovine brucellosis, a contagious bacterial infection affecting livestock and humans, continues to pose serious challenges for dairy farming. Recent research conducted in North Shewa, Ethiopia, aims to shed light on the disease's prevalence and the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of dairy farmers concerning this zoonotic threat.
This comprehensive study sampled 511 blood samples from 142 dairy herds across the Angolela Tera and Kimbibit districts. The results indicated a seroprevalence of 0.98% at the animal level and 3.52% at the herd level. Interestingly, cows older than six years and local breeds exhibited significantly higher susceptibility, according to the research. The study highlighted how older animals were four times more likely to be infected, signaling potential risks linked to herd management and biosecurity measures.
The research also drew on farmer surveys, showcasing alarming statistics about their knowledge of brucellosis. Of the 120 respondents, 86% were unaware of its zoonotic potential, with many engaging in risky practices such as assisting during births without protective measures. Alarmingly, about 64% reported consuming raw meat, which could increase their risk of zoonotic transmission.
Brucellosis not only holds public health risks but also impacts the economy by affecting livestock productivity. Farmers bearing the burden of this disease may face increased culling rates and decreased milk production, which can lead to economic instability.
Study findings indicated the urgent need for educational programs aimed at informing dairy farmers about brucellosis and promoting protective measures.
By increasing awareness and implementing stricter biosecurity protocols, Ethiopia could not only bolster its dairy industry but also mitigate public health risks arising from zoonotic diseases. The researchers emphasized the need for these actions, stating, "Educated dairy farmers and implementing strict farm biosecurity measures are essentials to minimize the impacts of the disease on the growing dairy industry and public health."
This study serves as a pivotal point for future interventions aimed at bridging the knowledge gap of farmers to curb the prevalence of bovine brucellosis and protect the well-being of both the agricultural sector and the community.