Researchers have developed an innovative edible film leveraging the antimicrobial properties of garlic skin, combined with silver nitrate and corn zein. This novel approach aims to address the rising concern over food preservation and safety by reducing reliance on synthetic preservatives.
The study evaluated the physical, mechanical, and antimicrobial properties of the film created using Allium sativum skin, silver nitrate, and corn zein through Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The findings showed promising results, including enhanced tensile strength and significant antibacterial activity against harmful bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Listeria monocytogenes.
The film exhibited tensile strength reaching 3.5 MPa, markedly higher than control films made of polypropylene, which measured only 2.1 MPa. This improvement demonstrates the potential of integrating natural additives to create stronger biopolymers suited for food packaging.
The water vapor permeability of the new film was recorded at 18 g m-2 day, indicating 30% lower permeability compared to films without encapsulation. This attribute contributes to the film's overall effectiveness, as it helps maintain food quality by reducing moisture absorption from external environments.
Antimicrobial tests revealed the film's ability to inhibit bacterial growth. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined at 0.5 mg mL-1 for E. coli and 0.3 mg mL-1 for S. aureus, showcasing the film's efficacy as a protective barrier against microbial contamination.
The need for sustainable packaging solutions is underscored as food safety becomes increasingly pivotal for public health. Traditional preservatives often come with health risks and environmental concerns, prompting researchers to seek natural alternatives. By utilizing garlic skin, known for its extensive antimicrobial properties, alongside silver nanoparticles, this study aligns with the modern shift toward healthier, more environmentally friendly food packaging options.
Allium sativum, long recognized for its medicinal properties, plays a significant role here. The sulfur-containing compounds within garlic have demonstrated broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects, reinforcing the film's protective capabilities. Utilizing silver nitrate enhances the film's antibacterial properties, contributing to safety during food storage.
Corn zein, another component of this edible film, functions as a natural biopolymer, contributing to the film's strength and functionality. This inventive combination of materials is not merely focused on enhancing strength but also incorporates traditional knowledge of herbal medicine, presenting a holistic approach to food preservation.
Significantly, this study employed optimization methods to refine the film's composition, which enhances its practicality for real-world applications. The results indicate the film possesses great potential for extending the shelf life of perishable foods, providing economic benefits and reducing food waste.
The incorporation of recycled materials, including polypropylene, reflects the study's emphasis on sustainability. Innovative packaging solutions not only aim to uphold food quality but also address environmental concerns associated with plastic waste.
Future work will involve testing the film under various conditions to evaluate its long-term effectiveness and adaptability to different food types. This research promises advancements toward providing optimal food safety solutions through active packaging technologies.
Overall, this study presents significant contributions to the field of edible film technology, as it explores the use of natural antimicrobial agents for developing safe, effective, and sustainable food packaging.