In a historic moment for the Catholic Church, Robert Francis Prevost of Chicago was elected as Pope Leo XIV on May 8, 2025, marking him as the 267th successor of Saint Peter. The election of an American pope is a significant milestone, especially during the tenure of Donald Trump as president of the United States. Prevost's selection of the name Leo XIV is particularly noteworthy, as it recalls the legacy of Pope Leo XIII, who served in the late 19th century and was instrumental in shaping modern Catholic Social Teaching.
Pope Leo XIII, who reigned for over 25 years, revitalized Thomism, promoted Catholic education, and instituted the beloved prayer to the Archangel Michael. His encyclical, Rerum Novarum, published in 1891, critiqued the vast economic disparities of the time, lamenting the "enormous fortunes of some few individuals and the utter poverty of the masses." While his observations on capitalism echoed some of the critiques made by Marx and Engels, Leo XIII firmly rejected socialism, advocating instead for a system where governments ensure a living wage and allow workers to unite in labor unions.
As Pope Leo XIV, Prevost enters a world that mirrors the social inequalities of the 19th century. His election comes at a time when the power of a select few corporate leaders is increasingly scrutinized, and his commitment to the Leonine tradition suggests a renewed focus on Catholic Social Teaching. Early reactions to his election have been mixed, with some conservative factions already searching for signs of ideological deviation in his past, such as his retweet of a condolence message to George Floyd's family in May 2020 and his promotion of COVID-19 vaccines in August 2021.
Upon his election, approximately one hundred thousand people gathered to welcome the new pope. With visible emotion, he addressed the crowd, saying, "La paix soit avec vous tous" (Peace be with you all). This phrase, which he repeated at the beginning of his speech, is a powerful reminder of the peace that Christ offers, especially in a world beset by conflict. Leo XIV emphasized the importance of divine peace, describing it as "a disarming, humble, and persevering peace that comes from God, who loves us all unconditionally."
In his inaugural address, he paid tribute to his predecessor, Pope Francis, who passed away on April 21, 2025. Leo XIV recalled the late pope's gentle voice and his blessings for Rome and the world, stating, "We still hear that weak but courageous voice of Pope Francis blessing Rome!" He expressed his desire to continue this legacy of blessing and love, assuring the faithful that "God loves you all, and evil will not prevail!"
During his speech, Leo XIV called for unity among believers, urging them to build bridges through dialogue and collaboration. He encouraged everyone to move forward together, saying, "We are all in God's hands. That is why, without fear, united hand in hand with God, and with one another, let us go forward. We are the disciples of Christ. Christ precedes us. The world needs his light."
As a member of the Augustinian Order, Leo XIV drew inspiration from St. Augustine, quoting, "With you, I am a Christian, and for you, I am a bishop." He emphasized the need for the Church to be a missionary force, actively seeking peace and charity for those in need. He called for an open Church, welcoming all who seek charity, presence, dialogue, and love.
Having served as a bishop in Peru from 2014 to 2023, Leo XIV also addressed the faithful from his former diocese of Chiclayo in Spanish. He acknowledged the strong faith of the people there, who have supported their bishop in his mission. His speech highlighted his vision for the Church as a synodal body that walks together, always in search of peace and charity.
As he concluded his address, Leo XIV reminded the faithful that May 8 is also the feast of the Madonna of Pompei, invoking the Virgin Mary's intercession and love as a source of strength. He called on everyone to pray together for peace in the world and for his new mission as pope. The crowd echoed his sentiments, chanting, "Leonem, Leonem, Leonem" in a show of support.
The election of Pope Leo XIV not only marks a new chapter in the history of the Catholic Church but also signals a potential revitalization of its social teachings in response to contemporary challenges. As the first American pope, Prevost's leadership will undoubtedly be scrutinized and celebrated as he navigates the complexities of modern society while seeking to uphold the values of the Church.
