Heloisa Teixeira, a prominent Brazilian writer and cultural critic, passed away on March 28, 2025, at the age of 85 in Rio de Janeiro. Her death was attributed to complications from pneumonia and acute respiratory failure, as confirmed by the Brazilian Academy of Letters (ABL), where she was an esteemed member.
Teixeira was hospitalized at Casa de Saúde São Vicente in Gávea, a neighborhood in southern Rio de Janeiro. The ABL announced that her wake would take place on March 29 at their headquarters in downtown Rio, a fitting venue for a figure who had made significant contributions to Brazilian literature and feminist thought.
Born on July 26, 1939, in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Teixeira moved to Rio de Janeiro at the age of four with her family. She was the daughter of a doctor and a housewife and was a mother to three sons: filmmakers Lula, André, and Pedro. Her academic journey was marked by excellence; she graduated in Classical Letters from PUC-Rio, obtained a master’s and doctorate in Brazilian Literature from UFRJ, and completed a post-doctorate in Sociology of Culture at Columbia University in New York.
Teixeira was elected to chair number 30 of the ABL in 2023, succeeding writer Nélida Piñon. Her election was notable as she became one of the few women to hold a prominent position in this historically male-dominated institution. In her acceptance speech, she highlighted the gender disparities present within the academy, stating, "Only ten women have been elected members against a total of 339 men, which reflects the inequality in the election of men and women at the ABL."
In a significant personal transformation, Teixeira changed her surname from Buarque de Hollanda, which she had used throughout her career, to her mother’s surname, Teixeira. This change was described by her as a form of empowerment and a reconnection with her roots. She explained, "It was a kind of reunion with my mother, who had this surname on her certificate." This decision was accompanied by a tattoo of her new name on her back, symbolizing her commitment to this new identity.
Teixeira was recognized as a leading voice in Brazilian feminism, and her work often focused on the intersection of culture and gender. She dedicated her research to exploring the relationships between culture and development, particularly in marginalized communities. Her publications include numerous influential works, such as "26 Poetas Hoje" (1976), which showcased a generation of marginalized poets and is considered a landmark in Brazilian literature.
Her later works continued to address critical issues in society. In 2024, she published "Rebeldes e Marginais: Cultura nos Anos de Chumbo (1960-1970)," marking her first publication under her new name. This book reflects her ongoing commitment to exploring the cultural landscape of Brazil, particularly during periods of political turmoil.
Teixeira's contributions extended beyond writing; she was also a curator of various exhibitions and director of several cultural initiatives. She led the Advanced Program of Contemporary Culture at UFRJ, coordinated the Laboratory of Social Technologies, and directed the Museu da Imagem e do Som (MIS-RJ). Her work was instrumental in promoting discussions on women's issues within academic settings.
In her later years, she focused on the cultural production in the peripheries of major cities and the impact of digital technologies on cultural consumption and production. Her insights into these areas were critical, especially as Brazil faced new challenges in the digital age.
Teixeira’s legacy is one of intellectual rigor and a profound commitment to social justice. She was not only a scholar but also a mentor to many, encouraging a new generation of activists and researchers to engage with pressing societal issues. Her efforts to democratize knowledge and promote inclusivity in cultural discourse have left an indelible mark on Brazilian academia.
Following her passing, the ABL released a heartfelt statement, reflecting on her impact: "Our dear Helô was immense and leaves an undeniable legacy of critical thought, generosity, and commitment to a more just, plural, and inclusive culture." This sentiment was echoed by colleagues and students alike, who remembered her not just for her intellectual contributions but also for her warmth and kindness.
As Brazil continues to navigate its complex sociopolitical landscape, Heloisa Teixeira's contributions will be remembered as pivotal in shaping contemporary thought and cultural discourse. Her life and work serve as a testament to the power of literature and activism in fostering understanding and change.
In a career spanning decades, Teixeira not only challenged societal norms but also inspired countless individuals to pursue knowledge and advocate for equality. Her passing marks the end of an era, but her spirit and ideals will undoubtedly continue to resonate within the realms of literature and feminist thought.
