Haitian communities face the devastating consequences of rampant gang violence as recent attacks have led to horrific massacres, including one incident where over 180 people lost their lives. This violence, particularly acute in Port-au-Prince’s Cité Soleil, is part of the broader humanitarian crisis gripping the nation, leaving thousands displaced and vulnerable. The Inter-American Division reported on December 8, 2024, the murder of two Seventh-day Adventist church members during these brutal gang-led attacks.
Among the victims was Marcel Cangé, 29-year resident of Wharf Jérémie, who was murdered just as he prepared for Sabbath services. His assault at home—where he was dragged out, stabbed, and burned—was one of many aimed at the elderly, who local gangs targeted based on accusations of witchcraft. Brother Dominique, another victim, was killed en route to services, illustrating the widespread fear permeated by the gangs. Church communities now live on the edge, unable to worship freely due to the looming threat of violence.
Gang violence continues to escalate, with over 5,000 deaths reported this year, according to the United Nations. This epidemic, fueled by political instability and socio-economic challenges, has forced many Haitians, particularly women and children, to live with limited resources and dire conditions. With around 700,000 people displaced, many are forced to inhabit makeshift camps, often situated within gang-controlled areas.
Béatrice Cajoux, another victim of this unchecked violence, was murdered at a displacement camp on October 14, 2024. Once vibrant and hopeful, Béatrice was caught up in the violence overwhelming her community. Having recently fled from Carrefour-Feuilles, she settled conservatively at Lycée Marie Jeanne, where life was fraught with challenges and dangers.
Born to struggle, Béatrice raised her two sons, aged six and 12, and sought work to provide for their needs. Unfortunately, economic hardship left her vulnerable, driven to seek help from local feminist organizations like Nègès Mawon. Ironically, her desire for personal dignity became the target of disdain from fellow residents, who felt she drew attention away from those perceived as having greater needs.
Sadly, Béatrice’s life was cut short as gunfire erupted during chaos at the camp. According to her mother, Lucienne, Béatrice was shot under murky circumstances linked to conflicts between displaced individuals and police officers during the supposed distribution of hygiene kits. "I know who killed my daughter, but there is no justice in Haiti. I leave her fate in God's hands," said Lucienne, expressing her deep anguish and despair over the systemic failures within their country.
The violence against women and girls has been persistent, with many facing sexual and gender-based violence, particularly within these camps. UN reports indicate rape has been used as leverage to control access to humanitarian aid, highlighting the stark danger women endure daily. According to activists, 90% of women residing within these precarious living situations lack sustainable income, often relegated to desperate measures to secure basic necessities.
Despite heightened attention to her tragic murder, Béatrice joins countless other victims who have disappeared from the media spotlight. Activists with organizations like Marijàn continue to advocate for women’s rights, yet the situation remains dire as they confront the reality of Haiti’s political and social climates. "She was always there to motivate others and had so much energy. She was very committed and eager to learn," reminisced Nathalie Vilgrain, general coordinator of Marijàn, who highlighted Béatrice’s active role within their community before her untimely death.
The unjustifiable killings and chaos have instilled fear among citizens, forcing many to live on the fringes as they navigate the daily grind of survival. Gang leaders wield their power unchecked, holding lives hostage, especially those of the vulnerable, including women and children caught within the tangled web of violence and displacement.
Many congregations now face the heartbreaking reality of being unable to worship due to fear of gang attacks and violence, prioritizing safety over faith. The Haitian government's public condemnations of such acts appear fruitless against the rising control and ruthless actions of gangs. With the deaths of individuals like Marcel Cangé and Béatrice Cajoux, it becomes evident how deeply entrenched violence affects community ties, religious practices, and the basic fabric of Haitian society.
UNHCR plays a pivotal role amid this growing crisis, working to establish some semblance of order and protection for internally displaced persons. Their multi-faceted efforts to aid states and address unmet needs present the only glimmer of hope for those affected by this harsh reality. While sustained action is required, the recent events expose the perplexing complexity of reform within Haiti, where calls for justice barely register against the roar of gunfire.
The struggle continues as organizations fight not only against the facts of displacement and violence but for the dignity, safety, and futures of those like Béatrice Cajoux and Marcel Cangé. Their stories are testaments not only to the urgent nature of this humanitarian crisis but to the enduring strength and spirit of those who remain steadfast amid darkness, seeking justice, safety, and solace.
