Geomagnetic storms are once again set to impact Earth, starting on the evening of March 4 and likely continuing through March 5. Scientists from the Solar Astronomy Laboratory of the Institute for Space Studies and the Institute for Solar-Terrestrial Physics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences have made extensive predictions about the upcoming storm.
According to their forecasts, the geomagnetic disturbances will begin on March 4, peaking at G1 level storm (the lowest category on the geomagnetic scale) during the early hours of March 5. These disturbances are expected to occur due to increased solar activity and are predicted to cause effects on both technology and individuals sensitive to geomagnetic changes.
The British Geological Survey's Geomagnetism division also warns of this G1 event, predicting significant impacts during this period. The storm is likely to be caused by the high-speed solar wind originating from coronal holes on the sun, which has already led to increased geomagnetic activity at the beginning of March.
On the morning of March 3, the geomagnetic activity had decreased back to background levels. Still, experts are preparing for the incoming storm, especially as solar ejecta associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs) — explosions of plasma from the sun — could exacerbate the situation. This plasma is expected to create heightened geomagnetic activity as it interacts with Earth's magnetic field.
The storm is anticipated to reach its full intensity between 18:00 and 21:00 UTC on March 4 and could last until midday on March 5, according to the Space Weather Prediction Center. Scientists at the center are closely monitoring all changes leading up to the storm.
While the G1 classification signifies lower severity, the impacts can still be notable. Individuals who are sensitive to geomagnetic changes, such as those with chronic health issues, may experience symptoms. Reports indicate these can include fatigue, headaches, and mood swings — leading some experts to recommend various strategies for coping with such conditions.
To mitigate the effects of geomagnetic storms, experts suggest maintaining good sleep routines, staying hydrated, and consuming lighter meals. These measures can help those affected to reduce health ramifications during significant storms.
Looking beyond early March, increasing geomagnetic activity is predicted during the month. Disturbances are forecasted around March 10-12, March 14-15, and again on March 27-28. The consistency of these events highlights the importance of being aware of how solar activities correlate with changes on Earth.
With modern technology becoming increasingly reliant on satellites and other sensitive instruments, even lower-level storms like G1 can influence GPS accuracy, satellite operations, and communication systems. For mid-latitude regions, these factors come as added reminders of the far-reaching effects of our solar neighbor.
Experts will continue to track the storm's evolution and its potential influences. Public awareness and preparedness can help societies to navigate the challenges posed by these solar-derived phenomena.