February 2025 has been marked by several significant current events, culminating in key developments relevant for UPSC aspirants and general awareness. This month has witnessed noteworthy advancements across various sectors, including legislative reforms, environmental concerns, and economic measures, all of which are imperative for students gearing up for competitive examinations.
One of the highlights has been the proposal introduced by senior opposition leaders for legislatively mandated parliamentary sittings. The proposal seeks to enforce a minimum of 100 to 120 parliamentary sessions annually, aiming to heighten legislative accountability and scrutiny. Currently, there is no constitutional mandate for such minimum sittings, with only Articles 85 and 174 requiring sessions to convene at least twice each year. Instances from the 17th Lok Sabha reveal issues with productivity; it held only 274 sittings throughout its term, marking the lowest record historically. The proposal seems inspired by similar past recommendations from the General Purposes Committee of 1955 and the National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution (NCRWC) from 2002. Comparatively, prominent democracies such as the UK and USA boast over 130 parliamentary sittings annually. If enacted, this legislation may bolster governance efficiency and public trust.
Meanwhile, themes of justice and human rights have come to the forefront, with the recent mass deportation of 104 Indian nationals from the United States drawing diplomatic ire. Reportedly arriving shackled on U.S. military aircraft, this operation has triggered serious humanitarian concerns. Critics are urging for humane treatment and legal representation during deportations, spotlighting the broader repercussions on India-U.S. relations. This incident fits within the larger narrative of tightening U.S. immigration policies, particularly under the previous administration, which has raised alarms about the treatment and rights of deportees.
On the positive side of the ledger, India has celebrated the achievement of reaching 100 GW of solar energy capacity, underscoring its position as a leader in renewable energy. This notable milestone is part of India’s broader goal of attaining 500 GW of renewable energy by the year 2030. Throughout the last decade, there has been rapid advancement with solar energy now contributing 47% of total installed renewable capacity. A staggering 3,450% increase was noted since just 2014, reflecting the effectiveness of initiatives like the PM Surya Ghar Muft Bijli Yojana and various solar parks established across states. The achievement has the potential to significantly reduce carbon footprints and position India favorably on the global stage of climate action.
From the standpoint of financial management, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) recently took bold steps to influence economic conditions by cutting the repo rate by 25 basis points to 6.25%. This marks the first reduction of the repo rate seen since 2018. A lower repo rate aims to reduce borrowing costs, encouraging spending and investment among consumers and businesses. Especially as the global economic climate shifts, this move aligns India with worldwide trends and aims to stimulate economic activity without inducing excessive inflation, balancing growth with monetary stability.
Environmental issues have also taken central stage, as the Sarandí Stream near Buenos Aires has seen alarming discoloration, changing to crimson due to suspected industrial chemical contamination. The stream, which is known for its pollution, has raised alarms among local residents about health hazards potentially linked to skin diseases and respiratory issues resulting from toxic chemicals entering the ecosystem. The industrial presence has long contributed to the stream's degradation, and local advocacy is pushing back against the negligence affecting health and the environment.
Finally, the importance of organic farming has gained traction as the Government of India actively promotes it through various policies such as the Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY). The initiative supports organic practices across states with substantial financial assistance, underscoring the role of sustainable agriculture in enhancing food security and rural welfare. These steps, coupled with rising awareness and support for organic farming, could reshape agricultural practices for future generations.
Such developments across legislative measures, human rights, renewable energy, economic management, and environmental protections demand careful attention from UPSC aspirants. They epitomize the dynamic nature of current affairs, presenting both challenges and opportunities within Indian society as it continues to evolve amid global pressures.