On February 12, 2025, Orthodox Christians across cultures marked the Feast of the Three Holy Hierarchs, celebrating the memories of Saints Basil the Great, Gregory the Theologian, and John Chrysostom. These three figures are honored not just for their theological contributions but also for shaping the Christian faith as it is known today. This day, referred to as Three Saints' Day or Vasilyev Day, encapsulates rich traditions and customs believed to influence the year to come.
The observance of this day is steeped deeply within the Orthodox tradition, emphasizing the unity represented by these three saints. Basil, known for his extensive work on monastic life and social welfare, Gregory for his eloquent speech and poetic contributions to theology, and John, often referred to as Chrysostom meaning 'golden-mouthed', for his impactful sermons, all come together to symbolize the wisdom guiding the faith.
Traditionally, February 12 was also associated with various beliefs about nature and the behavior of wildlife, which were seen as auguries for the coming spring. According to Добро.Медиа, one prevalent saying asserts, “If crows or geese hide their heads under their wings, expect frosty weather soon.” Such observations were not merely coincidental; they reflected centuries of agricultural practices relied upon by farmers for successful planting and harvesting.
One important aspect of this day is what behaviors are encouraged or discouraged. Many customs dictate how individuals should navigate their relationships and actions to align with the serene spirit of the day. Among them are practices such as refraining from sewing or knitting—which, according to the Газета «МАГНИТОГОРСКИЙ РАБОЧИЙ», might lead to physical discomfort. An old saying warns, “Those who argue on this day will likely face continued strife throughout the year,” stressing the value placed on harmony and reconciliation among friends and family.
On this day, long-held beliefs caution against venturing alone to the forest. Historically, it was thought to be unsafe as animals prepared for mating season, leading to unpredictable and aggressive behaviors. The risks of such encounters were taken seriously—leading many to avoid the woods altogether. This belief contributes to the day’s mystical atmosphere, acknowledging not only the solemnity of religious remembrance but also the raw power of nature.
Besides avoiding certain activities, the day is also about positive actions. Cleaning the home is encouraged, with households engaging in thorough cleaning rituals to promote prosperity and peace within dwelling spaces. Women sought to draw love by hanging colorful ribbons on trees, speaking their beloved’s name as they hoped to capture their attention. This tradition speaks to the day’s association with love and the deep-rooted customs tied to courtship.
February 12 is also deemed significant when it pertains to seasonal changes. According to traditional lore, if the weather behaved unusually warm, it could indicate colder temperatures to follow. The arrival of certain birds, such as jackdaws, at this time is met with apprehension as it is interpreted as unfavorable for the harvest. “If the jackdaws arrive early, expect less yield,” is among the sayings passed down through generations.
One of the most distinctive traits of February 12th customs is the emphasis on respect for the natural world. It’s believed by many who observe this day to respect the various signs from nature. Whether watching the behavior of animals or keeping track of weather changes, these observations provided valuable clues about the state of upcoming seasons.
The customs associated with Three Saints' Day reveal not only the deep respect the community holds for religious observance but also the intertwined relationship between culture, space, and time. The sanctity of the day is heightened by its dual significance as both a religious holiday and fiesta of nature, where the natural and the divine are seen as intertwined and significant.
This blend of reverence for the saints, focus on nature, and traditional beliefs creates a rich mosaic of customs celebrated every February 12th. Despite the passage of time and modernization, many of these traditions continue to hold sway over the hearts of the faithful—drawing generations back to their roots and reconciling the past with the present.
The festival not only serves as reflection of historical practices but is also relevant to contemporary society today.