Deep within the heart of Córdoba province lies the newly discovered Cueva del Yeso, a treasure trove of natural wonders and historical intrigue. This mesmerising cave spans over 2,700 meters and is renowned for its stunning natural crystals and unique underwater lakes, making it one of Spain’s most remarkable geographical features.
Located near the town of Baena, the Cueva del Yeso has recently drawn significant attention from both speleologists and nature enthusiasts. It is classified as the fourth largest gypsum cave in Spain and is celebrated for being the first of its kind to open to the public. Unlike the popular Cueva de los Murciélagos, which has enjoyed immense popularity over the years, Cueva del Yeso stands alone as the only hydric cave in the region, offering both scientific significance and breathtaking beauty.
The cave is not just notable for its size but for the discoveries made within its depths. Researchers have revealed insights about climate conditions from 250 million years ago through studies conducted within the cave. Most astonishingly, they have identified the presence of the Baena shrimp, a species endemic to the area. Such discoveries have left experts amazed, highlighting the ecological significance of this hidden gem.
Interestingly, local lore had long regarded the cave as the 'mina' (mine), originally thought to be of Arabic origin, connecting with historical towers nearby. Its existence was first documented in 1945, but it wasn't until the 1960s when serious exploration began. Since then, interest has surged, particularly after Baena’s local government acquired the land surrounding the cave to promote tourism and conservation.
The unique structure of Cueva del Yeso features two distinct levels, comprising upper and lower galleries decorated with natural gypsum crystals. These formations create extraordinary views, complemented by its lakes, some of which are filled with clear, refreshing water. The cave is also home to significant bat colonies, similar to those found in its neighbor, Cueva de los Murciélagos. The diversity of life supported by the unique environment lays the groundwork for important ecological studies.
Currently, visits to Cueva del Yeso are temporarily suspended due to enhancement projects aimed at preserving its natural state and improving visitor experiences. The Baena City Council has provided details for those interested in visiting once the cave reopens. Travelers should head to Cañete de las Torres, following A-3125 to the 26.3-km mark, where they’ll find the entrance to Paraje de la Maturra, with designated spots for parking.
While awaiting its reopening, the intrigue surrounding the cave continues to grow. Local experts echo the sentiments of wonderment. 'The Cueva del Yeso isn't merely another cave; it holds secrets from the past and is home to species unknown elsewhere,' said one local geologist expert, emphasizing its importance as both a tourist attraction and as part of the natural heritage of Córdoba.
This spectacle of nature not only enriches the cultural fabric of Baena but also stands as a beacon for scientific exploration and conservation efforts, representing the delicate balance between tourism and preservation of our natural world.
Indeed, as word spreads about Cueva del Yeso, it becomes increasingly clear: this magnificent site may well be one of the hidden jewels of Córdoba Province, offering insights of geological marvels and the beauty of the natural world.
