On April 21, 2025, the Catholic Church entered a period known as Sede Vacante following the death of Pope Francis. This transitional phase, which lasts from the passing of the pontiff until the election of his successor, has now officially begun as of May 7, 2025. More than 133 cardinals from around the world, all under the age of 80, have gathered in the Vatican to participate in the conclave that will determine the next Pope.
The day commenced with the traditional Mass Pro eligendo Pontifice in St. Peter's Basilica, presided over by Cardinal Giovanni Battista Re. During his homily, Re urged the electors to act with discernment and responsibility during this crucial moment for the Catholic Church. The solemnity of the occasion was palpable as the cardinals later processed to the Sistine Chapel to formally initiate the voting ceremony, a process steeped in centuries of tradition.
One notable moment during the Mass was when Cardinal Re whispered "Auguri... doppi"—or "double congratulations"—to Cardinal Pietro Parolin, a gesture that has sparked widespread speculation regarding Parolin's potential role in the conclave. As the Secretary of State of the Vatican since 2013, Parolin is regarded as one of the leading candidates to succeed Pope Francis.
Born in 1955 in Schiavon, Italy, Parolin was ordained a priest in 1980 and began his diplomatic career in 1986. His early assignments included Nigeria and Mexico, where he played a pivotal role in restoring diplomatic relations between the Vatican and Mexico after a hiatus of over 130 years. In 2009, he was appointed Apostolic Nuncio in Venezuela during a time of significant tension between the government of then-President Hugo Chávez and the Catholic Church.
Parolin's extensive diplomatic experience has made him a central figure in shaping the Vatican's responses to various geopolitical challenges over the past two decades. His tenure has included mediating conflicts in Venezuela and Colombia and facilitating the thawing of relations between the United States and Cuba at the end of 2014. Despite facing criticism for lacking direct pastoral experience, his diplomatic acumen and understanding of international affairs have earned him respect within the Church.
Throughout his career, Parolin has maintained a cautious yet open approach to contemporary issues. In 2015, he called the legalization of same-sex marriage in Ireland a "defeat for humanity," but by 2024, he praised a document from the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith that opened the door to blessing same-sex couples. His ability to balance traditional Catholic teachings with the evolving needs of society may be crucial as the Church navigates its future.
As the conclave unfolds, the dynamics surrounding Parolin's candidacy are complex. Approximately 80% of the cardinals eligible to vote were appointed by Pope Francis, which could influence the direction of the election. Parolin's close association with the late pontiff, coupled with his moderate stance on certain issues, positions him favorably among the electors.
However, the tradition of the conclave reminds all participants that no outcome is guaranteed. As the saying goes, "Who enters as pope, leaves as cardinal." The first scrutiny of votes is scheduled for later today, and the anticipation is palpable among the cardinals and observers alike.
The implications of this election extend beyond the walls of the Vatican. The new Pope will shape the Church's stance on pressing global issues such as social justice, reform, and international relations. As the world watches, the outcome of this conclave could have far-reaching effects on the Catholic Church's role in contemporary society.
In the days leading up to the conclave, Parolin's actions and statements have been closely monitored. His congratulatory message to the next Pope, sent prior to the conclave, has been interpreted by some analysts as a strategic move within the political landscape of the Vatican. While some view it as a customary gesture of goodwill, others see it as indicative of deeper alliances and potential influence in the election process.
As the cardinals prepare to cast their votes, the atmosphere in the Vatican is charged with expectation. The choice of the next Pope will not only reflect the future direction of the Catholic Church but also resonate with the broader challenges facing humanity today. Cardinal Re's call for a leader who can guide the Church through these turbulent times underscores the gravity of the moment.
In summary, the conclave to elect the successor of Pope Francis is underway, with Cardinal Pietro Parolin emerging as a prominent candidate. His extensive diplomatic background, coupled with a nuanced approach to contemporary issues, positions him as a significant figure in this pivotal moment for the Catholic Church. As the world awaits the outcome, the cardinals' deliberations will determine not only the future of the papacy but also the Church's response to the challenges of the 21st century.