A prospective cohort study reveals the association between the mode of delivery and postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among Chinese women.
Understanding the impact of delivery methods on maternal mental health is especially significant as cesarean sections (CS) have become increasingly common. Research shows CS is linked to higher rates of PTSD following childbirth.
Conducted by researchers at The Seventh Hospital of Southern Medical University from October 2019 to June 2021, the study focused on women aged 20 to 45 who gave birth at the hospital. The team analyzed PTSD symptoms using the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian Version approximately 42 days postpartum.
Of the 800 women enrolled, 759 completed the questionnaire, yielding a total prevalence of postpartum PTSD at 12.12%. Notably, women who underwent vaginal delivery reported lower PTSD rates (8.18%) compared to those who had elective (15.19%) and emergency cesarean deliveries (24.39%).
Statistically significant findings indicate women undergoing elective and emergency CS had increased risks of developing PTSD compared to those who had vaginal births. These results support previous literature attempting to clarify the psychological impact of various childbirth experiences.
The study provides important insights as previous findings remain inconsistent. While some research indicates no significant association between delivery method and PTSD, the current study's findings highlight cesarean delivery as potentially traumatic.
The early postpartum period is often characterized by emotional and physiological adjustments, which can exacerbate the experience of trauma. Women tend to perceive their birth experience as traumatic if it diverges from expectations, which is particularly relevant when unplanned medical interventions are involved.
Through careful statistical analysis, the research identified several independent risk factors for developing PTSD, including nulliparity, anxiety, and depression during pregnancy, alongside feelings of fear during childbirth.
Researchers urge for broader awareness of mental health challenges facing new mothers, particularly among those who experience cesarean deliveries. Mitigative strategies, such as providing thorough childbirth education and fostering supportive environments for cesarean births, are emphasized.
Overall, the study concludes with recommendations highlighting the need for more consistent practices across medical institutions, aiming to reduce unnecessary cesarean deliveries and address the psychological well-being of new mothers.