Millions of Australians are set to experience the thrilling astronomical phenomenon known as the "blood moon," as the first total lunar eclipse since late 2022 graces the night sky on March 14, 2025. This exciting event promises to entice skywatchers across Australia with the moon's expected transformation under the Earth's shadow, which will bathe it in stunning hues of red and orange.
A total lunar eclipse, commonly referred to as a blood moon, happens when the sun, Earth, and moon align perfectly. This alignment allows the Earth to block sunlight directly from hitting the moon, casting its shadow across the lunar surface. But don’t worry—it’s not completely dark. Some light still reaches the moon, bending through the Earth's atmosphere, which gives it the characteristic reddish tint. "The moon will gradually fade from one side (like a shadow is taking a bite out of it) until it goes completely dark, then turns a deep blood-red colour," explains Duane Hamacher, Associate Professor of Cultural Astronomy at the University of Melbourne. This transformation occurs as the moon passes directly within the shadow of the Earth.
Australian cities will have varying peak viewing moments for the blood moon event on the evening of March 14. Significant moonrise times include: Brisbane at 6:04 PM, Darwin at 7:02 PM, Sydney at 7:13 PM, Canberra at 7:22 PM, Hobart at 7:32 PM, Adelaide at 7:35 PM, and Melbourne at 7:40 PM. Those expecting to witness the entire spectacle may find themselves disappointed, as some locations, like Perth, will miss out due to timing discrepancies; residents there will experience moonrise at 6:37 PM, just after the lunar eclipse begins.
Experts suggest the best way to view the eclipse is by heading to locations free from light pollution and obstructions. A high vantage point with clear skies, particularly facing the eastern horizon, will yield the most satisfying views. Jonti Horner, of the University of Southern Queensland, comments on the aesthetic aspects of the eclipse, stating, "[The Moon] rises during the partial eclipse, but it will still be low in the sky when the partial eclipse is happening," enhancing its photogenic quality.
Many people wonder why the moon appears red during such eclipses. It's primarily due to Rayleigh scattering, which happens when the Earth's atmosphere scatters sunlight. Blue wavelengths disperse more than red, making the latter pass through the atmosphere with fewer interruptions. Consequently, when the moon is fully eclipsed, it takes on hues akin to those seen during sunsets. Duane Hamacher notes, "Particles in the Earth’s atmosphere scatter blue wavelengths of sunlight, allowing red light to illuminate the moon during the eclipse."
No total lunar eclipse, or blood moon, has been visible for nearly three years, with the last one occurring in November 2022. So, this event is particularly significant for astronomy enthusiasts and casual observers alike. Following the March 2025 blood moon, another total lunar eclipse is scheduled to occur on September 7 and 8, allowing Australians another opportunity to gaze at the wonders of their night sky.
For those who might miss this blood moon moment, fear not—plenty of other lunar eclipses await. Another total lunar eclipse is projected for 2026, along with additional notable events slated for later years, including solar eclipses expected across several years starting from 2028.
Whether you're heavy on the science or just enjoy the spectacle of cosmic wonders, March 14 is sure to be filled with breathtaking views shining down from above. Grab your stargazing gear, gather your family and friends, and prepare to be captivated by the moon’s enchanting glow as it transitions through the Earth's shadow.