On March 1, 2025, the 106th anniversary of the 3-1 independence movement was marked by simultaneous celebrations and protests across South Korea, particularly in Busan and Ulsan. The day brought together crowds to honor the historical significance of the movement, which played a pivotal role during Korea's struggle for independence from Japanese colonial rule.
At Busan Station, hundreds gathered for events organized by various groups, including pro-Yoon conservatives, who showed their support for President Yoon Suk-yeol during the '6th National Salvation Prayer Meeting,' hosted by the conservative Christian group Save Korea. The participants chanted slogans such as 'Nullify the impeachment of President Yoon Suk-yeol,' echoing sentiments from earlier presidential rallies.
Meanwhile, the atmosphere was more polarized as opposing groups also staged their gatherings. Despite tensions, the protests took place more than 5 kilometers apart, diminishing immediate confrontations. One notable gathering was led by the 'Yoon Suk-yeol Immediate Resignation Busan Citizen Rally.' Despite the rainy weather, hundreds attended this demonstration, with calls to action highlighting the demand for President Yoon's impeachment.
Ulsan also saw significant gatherings reflecting the divided political climate. The city hosted both memorial ceremonies for the independence movement and demonstrations against President Yoon, with approximately 800 participants waving protest signs calling for his removal. Participants recited the declaration of independence, invoking the spirit of the 3-1 movement.
Ulsan Mayor Kim Doo-gyeom, along with descendants of independence activists, led ceremonial events at the Cheonjiyeon Memorial Tower, honoring the contributions of past leaders to Korea’s history. The ceremony featured the reading of the original declaration, and awards were presented to descendants of independence fighters.
Significant attention was paid to enhancing the public memorial service, as local government officials promoted the meaningful observance of 3-1 Day. The Ulsan city officials even encouraged residents to display the national flag at homes and businesses to promote national unity.
Mayor Kim expressed, "Creating the city of Ulsan, which dreams big, is part of honoring the sacrifices of those who fought for our freedom all those years ago. The legacy of their courage inspires us to continue building our nation’s future." This message of remembrance resounded strongly during the celebrations, as individuals reflected on their nation's sacrifices and hopes for the future.
Overall, the 3-1 Day commemoration highlighted not only the historical significance but also the current political climate within South Korea. The juxtaposition of celebration and protest illustrated the depth of feeling surrounding President Yoon’s administration, with supporters and detractors finding common ground on this important historical date.
Despite the differing views, the dedication to remembering the sacrifices made by those who fought for independence united many South Koreans on this significant day. Whether through chants of protest or solemn reflections at memorials, the spirit of the 3-1 movement remained alive, continuing to inspire discussions about freedom and democracy.
Observers noted the importance of this balance during times of dissent; the ability to protest and pray signifies the democratic principles for which the original movement fought. The presence of crowds, whether rallying for or against the current administration, remnants of the 3-1 spirit were palpable across cities, reinforcing the need for dialogue and remembrance as South Korea continues to navigate its complex political environment.
The 3-1 Day celebrations and protests are not merely events of the past; they are reflective of the living history of South Korea. They remind citizens of their collective resilience and the continuing struggle for democratic values within their society. The echoes of 106 years ago continue to resonate, prompting both reflection and forward momentum as the country moves toward building its future, informed by lessons from its past.